CXCL13 Is A Biomarker Of Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated Protein 1 Encephalitis Patients

• Published in: Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment Vol. 15; pp. 2909 - 2915
• Main Authors: Lin, You-Ting, Yang, Xue, Lv, Jing-Wei, Liu, Xue-Wu, Wang, Sheng-Jun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Taylor & Francis Ltd 01.01.2019; Dove; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Antibodies; Autoimmune diseases; biomarker; Biomarkers; BLyS protein; Cerebrospinal fluid; Chemokines; Convulsions & seizures; CXCL12 protein; CXCL13; CXCL13 protein; cytokine; Cytokines; Encephalitis; Fainting; Glioma; HMGB1 protein; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 17; Interleukin 6; Leucine; leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1; LGI1 protein; Multiple sclerosis; Original Research; Proteins; cytokine; leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1; CXCL13; biomarker; encephalitis
• ISSN: 1176-6328; 1178-2021; 1178-2021
• DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S222258

Although antibody-mediated immune responses are considered pathogenic and responsible for neural injury in anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (anti-LGI1) encephalitis, previous studies have indicated that cytokines and chemokines might play roles in the pathogenic process by serving as B cell enhancers. In this study, we detected the profiles of cytokines and chemokines in the cerebral fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis to identify potential biomarkers. Sixteen patients diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis and nine patients diagnosed with noninflammatory neurologic disorders were included in the study. Cytokines and chemokines including IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, CXCL12, CXCL13, BAFF and HMGB1 in serum and CSF were measured. The serum and CSF levels of CXCL13 were significantly higher in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis (36.32±34.71 pg/mL and 2.23±2.41 pg/mL, respectively) than in controls (10.84±5.02 pg/mL and 0.34±0.21 pg/mL, respectively). There was no significant difference in serum or CSF levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, CXCL12, BAFF and HMGB1 between the two groups. CXCL13 is a potential biomarker of active inflammation in anti-LGI1 encephalitis. The distinctive response of cytokines and chemokines might be closely linked to the mechanisms underlying this condition.