Heterogeneity-stabilized homogeneous states in driven media

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 4486
• Main Authors: Nicolaou, Zachary G., Case, Daniel J., Wee, Ernest B. van der, Driscoll, Michelle M., Motter, Adilson E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.07.2021; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 639/766/189; 639/766/530/2803; Asymmetry; Broken symmetry; Heterogeneity; Homogeneity; Humanities and Social Sciences; multidisciplinary; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Spatial heterogeneity; Symmetry
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24459-0

Understanding the relationship between symmetry breaking, system properties, and instabilities has been a problem of longstanding scientific interest. Symmetry-breaking instabilities underlie the formation of important patterns in driven systems, but there are many instances in which such instabilities are undesirable. Using parametric resonance as a model process, here we show that a range of states that would be destabilized by symmetry-breaking instabilities can be preserved and stabilized by the introduction of suitable system asymmetry. Because symmetric states are spatially homogeneous and asymmetric systems are spatially heterogeneous, we refer to this effect as heterogeneity-stabilized homogeneity. We illustrate this effect theoretically using driven pendulum array models and demonstrate it experimentally using Faraday wave instabilities. Our results have potential implications for the mitigation of instabilities in engineered systems and the emergence of homogeneous states in natural systems with inherent heterogeneities. Spontaneous symmetry breaking can induce instabilities in natural and engineered systems. Nicolaou et al. show that such instabilities can be prevented by introducing suitable system asymmetry in the form of spatial heterogeneity, relevant for the development of novel control and design techniques.