Preparation and characterization of glycerol plasticized-pea starch/ZnO–carboxymethylcellulose sodium nanocomposites

• Published in: Bioresource technology Vol. 100; no. 11; pp. 2832 - 2841
• Main Authors: Yu, Jiugao, Yang, Jingwen, Liu, Baoxiang, Ma, Xiaofei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2009; [New York, NY]: Elsevier Ltd; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Carboxymethylcellulose; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium - chemistry; Casting; Elastic Modulus; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; glycerol; Glycerol - chemistry; Hardness; Materials Testing; Nanocomposites; Nanostructures - chemistry; Nanostructures - ultrastructure; peas; Permeability; Phase Transition; Pisum sativum - chemistry; plasticizers; Plastics - chemistry; Porosity; Sodium - chemistry; Starch; Starch - chemistry; Tensile Strength; Zinc Oxide - chemistry; Casting; Nanocomposites; Carboxymethylcellulose; Starch; Cellulose(carboxymethyl); Sodium; Glycerol; Zinc oxide; Pea
• ISSN: 0960-8524; 1873-2976
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.12.045

Among natural polymers, starch is one of the most promising biodegradable materials because it is a renewable bioresource that is universally available and of low cost. However, the properties of starch-based materials are not satisfactory. One approach is the use of nano-filler as reinforcement for starch-based materials. In this paper, a nanocomposite is prepared using ZnO nanoparticles stabilized by carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) as the filler in glycerol plasticized-pea starch (GPS) matrix by the casting process. According to the characterization of ZnO–CMC particles with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), ZnO (about 60 wt%) is encapsulated with CMC (about 40 wt%) in ZnO–CMC particles with the size of about 30–40 nm. A low loading of ZnO–CMC particles can obviously improve the pasting viscosity, storage modulus, the glass transition temperature and UV absorbance of GPS/ZnO–CMC nanocomposites. When the ZnO–CMC contents vary from 0 to 5 wt%, the tensile yield strength increase from 3.94 MPa to 9.81 MPa, while the elongation at break reduce from 42.2% to 25.8%. The water vapor permeability decrease from 4.76 × 10 −10 to 1.65 × 10 −10 g m −1 s −1 Pa −1.