Development and internal validation of an OPCABG-specific prediction model for postoperative atrial fibrillation in Chinese patients: a retrospective cohort study

• Published in: BMC cardiovascular disorders Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 316 - 12
• Main Authors: Zheng, Yihan, Zhou, Min, Lin, Yiting, Zhang, Guican
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 24.04.2025; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Age; Aged; Analysis; Atrial fibrillation; Atrial Fibrillation - diagnosis; Atrial Fibrillation - epidemiology; Atrial Fibrillation - etiology; Blood levels; Bypass; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cardiovascular disease; China - epidemiology; Clinical risk factors; Complications and side effects; Coronary artery; Coronary artery bypass; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump - adverse effects; Coronary vessels; Decision Support Techniques; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Discrimination in medical care; Disease prevention; East Asian People; Female; Fibrillation; Health care; Health care disparities; Heart attacks; Heart surgery; Humans; Hypertension; Information systems; Male; Medical care, Cost of; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Middle Aged; Morbidity; Nomogram; Nomograms; Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting; Patients; Postoperative atrial fibrillation; Potassium; Prediction models; Predictive Value of Tests; Prophylaxis; Reproducibility of Results; Resource allocation; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Risk models; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Variables; Veins & arteries; China; Clinical risk factors; Postoperative atrial fibrillation; Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting; Risk models; Nomogram
• ISSN: 1471-2261; 1471-2261
• DOI: 10.1186/s12872-025-04780-y

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), associated with increased morbidity and healthcare costs. Existing POAF prediction models, developed mainly for Western populations, may not account for genetic, lifestyle, and healthcare disparities in Chinese patients. This study aimed to develop and validate a Chinese-specific nomogram for POAF risk stratification in OPCABG patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single Chinese center, including 456 consecutive OPCABG patients (2018-2022). Patients were divided into a training set (2018-2021, n = 319) and validation set (2022, n = 137). Multivariable logistic regression with LASSO regularization identified predictors of POAF (occurrence within 7 postoperative days). Model performance was evaluated using C-index, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curves (CIC). The final nomogram included five independent predictors: age (OR, 1.03), diabetes (OR, 1.85), hypertension (OR, 1.90), previous PCI (OR, 2.51) and last intraoperative blood potassium concentration (OR, 0.30). The model demonstrated excellent discrimination (C-index: 0.809 in training, 0.886 in validation) and good calibration. DCA and CIC showed superior clinical utility compared with existing scores (C2HEST, CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc). This OPCABG-specific nomogram outperforms conventional risk scores in predicting POAF in Chinese patients, enabling personalized prophylaxis and resource allocation. External validation in diverse populations is needed to confirm generalizability.