Pathogenomics insights for understanding Pasteurella multocida adaptation

• Published in: International journal of medical microbiology Vol. 310; no. 4; p. 151417
• Main Authors: Hurtado, Raquel, Maturrano, Lenin, Azevedo, Vasco, Aburjaile, Flávia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Elsevier GmbH 01.05.2020; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adaptation; Evolution; Genomics; Mobile genetic elements; Virulence; Evolution; Genomics; Virulence; Mobile genetic elements; Adaptation
• ISSN: 1438-4221; 1618-0607; 1618-0607
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151417

•P. multocida can infect a wide range of hosts and cause different diseases.•P. multocida presents genomic flexibility in host adaptation and pathogenesis.•SNPs have roles in population diversification and niche adaptation.•Integration of genomic data is essential for elucidating evolution of P. multocida. Pasteurella multocida is an important veterinary pathogen able to infect a wide range of animals in a broad spectrum of diseases. P. multocida is a complex microorganism in relation to its genomic flexibility, host adaptation and pathogenesis. Epidemiological analysis based on multilocus sequence typing, serotyping, genotyping, association with virulence genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), enables assessment of intraspecies diversity, phylogenetic and strain-specific relationships associated with host predilection or disease. A high number of sequenced genomes provides us a more accurate genomic and epidemiological interpretation to determine whether certain lineages can infect a host or produce disease. Comparative genomic analysis and pan-genomic approaches have revealed a flexible genome for hosting mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and therefore significant variation in gene content. Moreover, it was possible to find lineage-specific MGEs from the same niche, showing acquisition probably due to an evolutionary convergence event or to a genetic group with infective capacity. Furthermore, diversification selection analysis exhibits proteins exposed on the surface subject to selection pressures with an interstrain heterogeneity related to their ability to adapt. This article is the first review describing the genomic relationship to elucidate the diversity and evolution of P. multocida.