Individual Behavioral Reactions in the Context of Food Sensitivities in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder before and after an Oligoantigenic Diet

The influence of food intake on behavior problems of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was already described in the early 20th century. Eliminating food components by using the Oligoantigenic Diet (OD) leads to reduction of ADHD symptoms for more than two-thirds of patien...

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Published inNutrients Vol. 13; no. 8; p. 2598
Main Authors Yorgidis, Elena, Beiner, Lisa, Blazynski, Nicola, Schneider-Momm, Katja, Clement, Hans-Willi, Rauh, Reinhold, Schulz, Eberhard, Clement, Christina, Fleischhaker, Christian
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 28.07.2021
MDPI
Subjects
adolescents
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Behavior
child
Child & adolescent psychiatry
Children
Diaries
Diet
Drug therapy
elimination
Families & family life
Food
Food allergies
Food allergy
Food intake
Food intolerance
Hyperactivity
Identification methods
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Nutrient deficiency
Nutrition
Nutrition research
Parents & parenting
Reintroduction
Sensitivity
Teenagers
Vegetarianism
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Summary:The influence of food intake on behavior problems of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was already described in the early 20th century. Eliminating food components by using the Oligoantigenic Diet (OD) leads to reduction of ADHD symptoms for more than two-thirds of patients. The aim of our study was to reveal how to identify foods having an impact on ADHD symptomatology. Therefore, 28 children with ADHD participating in this uncontrolled, open trial were examined before and after a restricted elimination diet. They kept a daily 24-h recall nutrition and behavior journal and filled out the abbreviated Conners’ scale (ACS) to identify foods which increased ADHD symptoms. The study was completed by 16 children (13 m/3 f). After four weeks of elimination diet the individual food sensitivities were identified in a reintroduction phase. A repetitive increase of ADHD symptoms by at least two points in ACS after food introduction hints at food sensitivity. Twenty-seven food sensitivity reactions were identified. Most of the participants were sensitive to more than one food. Food intolerances could not be identified without preceding OD. The combination of OD and subsequent food challenge appears as a valid method to identify individual food sensitivity in ADHD.
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These authors share senior authorship.
The authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu13082598