(A)sexual reproduction - a review of life cycles of grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

• Published in: Entomologia experimentalis et applicata Vol. 131; no. 1; pp. 1 - 10
• Main Authors: Forneck, Astrid, Huber, Lars
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2009; Blackwell Publishing Ltd; Blackwell
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Daktulosphaira vitifoliae; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; genetic analysis; genetic markers; genetic population structure; genetic recombination; Homoptera; Insecta; Invertebrates; Life cycle. Embryology. Development; microsatellite; molecular genetics; morph nomenclature; morphology; morphs; parthenogenesis; pests; Phylloxeridae; Physiology. Development; sexual reproduction; SSR; Vitaceae; viticulture; Vitis; Parthenogenesis; molecular genetics; Aphidoidea; Insecta; Nomenclature; Viteus vitifoliae; Population structure; Review; genetic population structure; Sexual reproduction; Population genetics; Life cycle; Pest; SSR; Homoptera; Fruit crop; Arthropoda; Microsatellite DNA; Morphology; morph nomenclature; microsatellite; Phylloxeridae; Invertebrata
• ISSN: 0013-8703; 1570-7458
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00811.x

Since its emergence as a pest of grapevine about 150 years ago, studies on the life cycle and mode of reproduction of grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) (Homoptera: Phylloxeridae) have been of considerable scientific interest and importance for applied viticulture. The life cycle of grape phylloxera, as described in the mid to late nineteenth century, is still subject to discussion and confusion. In this article, we aim to provide for the first time an overview of the reported life cycle strategies of grape phylloxera by summarizing documented observations, the results of controlled field and laboratory assays, and the results of molecular genetic analyses. Thus, we present a detailed morphological comparison of grape phylloxera morphs and provide clarification of these by suggesting a simplified nomenclature as well as revising errors found in the published literature. Moreover, recent molecular markers studies, which further enhance our understanding of the impact of sexual recombination on grape phylloxera, are described and discussed.