A federated authentication schema among multiple identity providers

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 10; no. 7; p. e28560
• Main Authors: Almeida, João Rafael, Zúquete, André, Pazos, Alejandro, Oliveira, José Luís
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 15.04.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: ecosystems; ELIXIR AAI; Federated authentication; health services; IdP; Internet; OAuth 2.0; peers; solutions; SSO; webs; world wide web; ELIXIR AAI; IdP; OAuth 2.0; SSO; Federated authentication
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28560

Single Sign-On (SSO) methods are the primary solution to authenticate users across multiple web systems. These mechanisms streamline the authentication procedure by avoiding duplicate developments of authentication modules for each application. Besides, these mechanisms also provide convenience to the end-user by keeping the user authenticated when switching between different contexts. To ensure this cross-application authentication, SSO relies on an Identity Provider (IdP), which is commonly set up and managed by each institution that needs to enforce SSO internally. However, the solution is not so straightforward when several institutions need to cooperate in a unique ecosystem. This could be tackled by centralizing the authentication mechanisms in one of the involved entities, a solution raising responsibilities that may be difficult for peers to accept. Moreover, this solution is not appropriate for dynamic groups, where peers may join or leave frequently. In this paper, we propose an architecture that uses a trusted third-party service to authenticate multiple entities, ensuring the isolation of the user's attributes between this service and the institutional SSO systems. This architecture was validated in the EHDEN Portal, which includes web tools and services of this European health project, to establish a Federated Authentication schema.