Acute Effects of Butyrate on Induced Hyperpermeability and Tight Junction Protein Expression in Human Colonic Tissues

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 5; p. 766
• Main Authors: Tabat, Mathias W., Marques, Tatiana M., Markgren, Malin, Löfvendahl, Liza, Brummer, Robert J., Wall, Rebecca
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 14.05.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis; butyrate; Butyrates - pharmacology; Butyric acid; Cell junctions; Cell permeability; Colon; Colon - cytology; Colon - drug effects; Colon - metabolism; Electric Impedance; Female; Gene expression; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; intestinal barrier function; Intestinal Mucosa - drug effects; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; intestinal permeability; Male; Middle Aged; Properties; Tight Junction Proteins - genetics; Tight Junction Proteins - metabolism; tight junctions; Transcytosis; Ussing chamber; Sweden; Ussing chamber; intestinal permeability; tight junctions; butyrate; intestinal barrier function
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom10050766

Intact intestinal barrier function is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. A dysfunctional intestinal barrier can lead to local and systemic inflammation through translocation of luminal antigens and has been associated with a range of health disorders. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid derived from microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the colon, has been described as an intestinal barrier-strengthening agent, although mainly by using in vitro and animal models. This study aimed to investigate butyrate’s ability to prevent intestinal hyperpermeability, induced by the mast cell degranulator Compound 48/80 (C48/80), in human colonic tissues. Colonic biopsies were collected from 16 healthy subjects and intestinal permeability was assessed by Ussing chamber experiments. Furthermore, the expression levels of tight junction-related proteins were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Pre-treatment with 5 mM butyrate or 25 mM butyrate did not protect the colonic tissue against induced paracellular or transcellular hyperpermeability, measured by FITC-dextran and horseradish peroxidase passage, respectively. Biopsies treated with 25 mM butyrate prior to stimulation with C48/80 showed a reduced expression of claudin 1. In conclusion, this translational ex vivo study did not demonstrate an acute protective effect of butyrate against a chemical insult to the intestinal barrier in healthy humans.