Cholesterol to saturated fat index (CSI), metabolic parameters and inflammatory factors among obese individuals

• Published in: BMC endocrine disorders Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 173 - 10
• Main Authors: Shakarami, Mehrnaz, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Sedaghat, Abdullah, Qassem, Huda Muhammad Abbas, Zedann, Yamamah Abas, Soud, Nashat Ali, Adil, Mohaned, Shirvani, Shabnam, Nikbin, Naghmeh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 02.09.2024; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis; Biomarkers - blood; Blood lipids; Blood pressure; Blood sugar; Body composition; Body mass index; C-Reactive Protein - analysis; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cholesterol; Cholesterol - blood; Cholesterol to saturated fat index; Cross-Sectional Studies; CSI; Diabetes; Diet; Dietary fat; Dietary Fats; Dietitians; Exercise; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids - blood; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Female; Food; Glucose; Glycemic status; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Insulin resistance; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Male; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolic rate; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Mortality; Obesity; Obesity - blood; Obesity - complications; Obesity - metabolism; Oils & fats; Physical activity; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Risk factors; Serum lipids; Type 2 diabetes; Variance analysis; Weight control; Young Adult; United States > US; CSI; Cholesterol to saturated fat index; Inflammation; Glycemic status
• ISSN: 1472-6823; 1472-6823
• DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01697-z

The role of dietary fat quality in promotion of cardiovascular diseases is studies before. However, the results are inconsistent. Recently, cholesterol to saturated fatty acid index (CSI) is suggested as a novel indicator of the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity potential of a diet. However, due to limited number of studies, in the current cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the role of CSI in metabolic and inflammatory response among obese individuals. In the current cross-sectional study 488 obese individuals aged 18-50 years old were involved in volunteer based invitation from outpatient obesity clinics. Subjects underwent anthropometric assays including weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and body composition and their fasting blood sample were obtained for biochemical assessments including blood sugar, serum lipids, hs-CRP and IL-6 concentrations by commercial kits. Physical activity was also assessed by short form of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). According to our results, being at the top tetile of CSI was associated with higher anthropometric indices including weight, height, WC, FFM, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) compared with those at the lowest tertile (P < 0.05). Similarly, those at the highest category of CSI had significantly higher levels of serum glucose and hs-CRP both in crude and adjusted models in ANCOVA and in multinomial logistic regression models (P < 0.05). In the current study, for the first time, we identified the possible triggering role of dietary cholesterol to saturated fat index in increasing serum glucose and hs-CRP levels. due to cross-sectional design of the current study, causal inference is impossible. Further studies will help for better scientific justification.