The role of high‐field magnetic resonance imaging in parkinsonian disorders: Pushing the boundaries forward

Historically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has contributed little to the study of Parkinson's disease (PD), but modern MRI approaches have unveiled several complementary markers that are useful for research and clinical applications. Iron‐ and neuromelanin‐sensitive MRI detect qualitative c...

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Published inMovement disorders Vol. 32; no. 4; pp. 510 - 525
Main Authors Lehericy, Stéphane, Vaillancourt, David E., Seppi, Klaus, Monchi, Oury, Rektorova, Irena, Antonini, Angelo, McKeown, Martin J., Masellis, Mario, Berg, Daniela, Rowe, James B., Lewis, Simon J. G., Williams‐Gray, Caroline H., Tessitore, Alessandro, Siebner, Hartwig R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2017
Subjects
atypical parkinsonism
Basal ganglia
Brain diseases
Central nervous system diseases
Clinical trials
diffusion MRI
fMRI
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Iron
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Movement disorders
MRI
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroimaging
neuromelanin
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Parkinson's disease
Parkinsonian Disorders - diagnostic imaging
Perfusion
resting state fMRI
Spin labeling
Substantia nigra
Therapeutic applications
fMRI
Parkinson's disease
MRI
atypical parkinsonism
neuromelanin
diffusion MRI
iron
resting state fMRI
7T
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Summary:Historically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has contributed little to the study of Parkinson's disease (PD), but modern MRI approaches have unveiled several complementary markers that are useful for research and clinical applications. Iron‐ and neuromelanin‐sensitive MRI detect qualitative changes in the substantia nigra. Quantitative MRI markers can be derived from diffusion weighted and iron‐sensitive imaging or volumetry. Functional brain alterations at rest or during task performance have been captured with functional and arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI. These markers are useful for the diagnosis of PD and atypical parkinsonism, to track disease progression from the premotor stages of these diseases and to better understand the neurobiological basis of clinical deficits. A current research goal using MRI is to generate time‐dependent models of the evolution of PD biomarkers that can help understand neurodegeneration and provide reliable markers for therapeutic trials. This article reviews recent advances in MRI biomarker research at high‐field (3T) and ultra high field‐imaging (7T) in PD and atypical parkinsonism. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Bibliography:S.L. received grants from Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANRMNP 2009, Nucleipark), Direction de l'hospitalisation et de l'offre de soins (DHOS)‐Inserm (2010, Nucleipark), France Parkinson (2008), Ecole Neuroscience de Paris, ‘Investissements d'avenir’ (grant number ANR‐10‐IAIHU‐06 and ANR‐11‐INBS‐0006). D.E.V. reports grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01 NS052318, R01 NS075012). K.S. reports grants from Medical University Innsbruck, grants from Oesterreichische Nationalbank Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank, Anniversary Fund; project no.: 14174), grants from Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF): Der Wissenschaftsfonds; project no.: KLI82‐B00), grants from the Michael J. Fox Foundation, grants and personal fees from International Parkinson and the Movement Disorder Society, personal fees from Teva, personal fees from Union Chimique Belge (UCB), personal fees from Lundbeck, personal fees from AOP Orphan, personal fees from Roche and personal fees from Abbvie outside the submitted work. O.M. received funding from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (MOP‐81114), the Canada Research Chair in nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, and the Tourmaline Oil Chair in Parkinson's disease. A.A. received funding from the Neureca Foundation, Horizon2020 Project No. 643706, and from Italian National Research Project No. RF‐2009‐1530177. He has also received consultancy fees and honoraria for speaker‐related activities from AbbVie, Angelini, Acadia, UCB, Zambon, General Electric, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Mundipharma, and Global Kinetics. M. McKeown received funding from the Mottershead Foundation, the National Parkinson's Foundation, the Parkinson's Society of Canada, and the University of British Columbia / Pacific Parkinson's Research Institute (UBC/PPRI) chair in Parkinson's Research and has received honoraria from Abbvie, Allergan, and Teva for educational seminars. M. Masellis has served as an advisor to Bioscape Medical Imaging contract research organization (CRO), Novartis, and UCB; received honoraria from Novartis; received royalties from Henry Stewart Talks Ltd.; received an investigator‐initiated research grant from Teva; received contract research support from Roche, Axovant, and Novartis; received peer‐reviewed research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation Research, Innovation and Science (Ontario), Weston Brain Institute, Sunnybrook AFP Innovation Fund, Washington University, Parkinson Society Canada, Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation, Brain Canada, and the Ontario Brain Institute. D.B. received grants from the Michael J. Fox Foundation, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., German Parkinson's Disease Association (dPV), Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), Förderung in der Forschung (BBF), Parkinson Fonds Deutschland gGmbH, UCB Pharma GmbH, TEVA Pharma GmbH, Europe (EU), Novartis Pharma GmbH, and Lundbeck. J.R. is primarily funded by the Wellcome Trust (103838) but has received research grant funding from Astra Zeneca Medimmune. C.W.‐G. reports the Patrick Berthoud Trust, the Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, and Parkinson's UK. A.T. has received commercial research support from Allergan. H.R.S. has received honoraria as speaker from Biogen Idec, Denmark A/S, Genzyme, Denmark. and MerckSerono, Denmark and as honoraria as editor from Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Springer Publishing, Stuttgart, Germany.
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ISSN:0885-3185
1531-8257
DOI:10.1002/mds.26968