An undernutrition screening score for dogs with protein‐losing enteropathy: A prospective multicenter study

• Published in: Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol. 37; no. 5; pp. 1821 - 1829
• Main Authors: Wootton, Florence E., Hoey, Christopher S. F. K., Woods, Glynn, Schmitz, Silke Salavati, Reeve, Jenny, Larsen, Jennifer, Kathrani, Aarti
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.09.2023; Wiley
• Subjects: Body mass index; canine; Diagnostic tests; diarrhea; Dogs; gastrointestinal; Hormones; Hypotheses; Inflammatory bowel disease; malnutrition; Nutrition; Proteins; SMALL ANIMAL; Urinalysis; Variables; Veterinary medicine; gastrointestinal; malnutrition; canine; diarrhea
• ISSN: 0891-6640; 1939-1676
• DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16794

Background The impact of undernutrition in dogs with protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE) caused by inflammatory enteritis, intestinal lymphangiectasia, or both and which variables are most predictive of outcome are unknown. Objectives Develop an undernutrition screening score (USS) for use at the time of diagnosis of PLE in dogs, which is predictive of outcome. Animals Fifty‐seven dogs with PLE prospectively recruited from 3 referral hospitals in the United Kingdom. Methods An USS based on the presence and severity of 5 variables: appetite, weight loss, and body, muscle, and coat condition and scored out of 15, with higher scores reflecting worse undernutrition, was calculated at the time of diagnosis. Follow‐up information was obtained for at least 6 months. Results Dogs that failed to achieve clinical remission within 6 months had higher USS at diagnosis compared with dogs that achieved remission (median, 7.5; range, 2‐14 and median, 5; range, 0‐14, respectively). The USS at diagnosis gave an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.656 for predicting nonclinical remission within 6 months, whereas a score consisting of just epaxial muscle loss and coat condition resulted in a larger AUC of 0.728. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Of the 5 variables assessed in the USS, a combination of epaxial muscle loss and coat condition was most predictive of not achieving clinical remission within 6 months in dogs with PLE. Additional studies will help determine the effect of changes in USS and the 5 associated variables after diagnosis on outcome variables in these dogs.