Synthetic and natural Escherichia coli free lipid A express identical endotoxic activities

• Published in: European journal of biochemistry Vol. 148; no. 1; pp. 1 - 5
• Main Authors: GALANOS, Chris, LÜDERITZ, Otto, RIETSCHEL, Ernst Th, WESTPHAL, Otto, BRADE, Helmut, BRADE, Lore, FREUDENBERG, Marina, SCHADE, U., IMOTO, Masahiro, YOSHIMURA, Hiroyuki, KUSUMOTO, Shoichi, SHIBA, Tetsuo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.1985; Blackwell
• Subjects: Animals; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Survival - drug effects; Drug Tolerance; Endotoxins; Epitopes; Escherichia coli - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; In Vitro Techniques; Lethal Dose 50; Limulus Test; Lipid A - toxicity; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbiology; Mitogens; Necrosis - chemically induced; Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains; Prostaglandins - biosynthesis; Pyrogens; Rabbits; Sarcoma, Experimental - pathology; Shwartzman Phenomenon - etiology; Synthetic product; Structure activity relation; Toxicity; Escherichia coli; Lipopolysaccharide; Bacteria; Escherichieae; Endotoxin; Pyrogen; Biological activity; Enterobacteriaceae
• ISSN: 0014-2956; 1432-1033
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08798.x

The recently chemically synthesized Escherichia coli lipid A and the natural free lipid A of E. coli were compared with respect to their endotoxic activities in the following test systems: lethal toxicity, pyrogenicity, local Shwartzman reactivity, Limulus amoebocyte lysate gelation capacity, tumour necrotizing activity, B cell mitogenicity, induction of prostaglandin synthesis in macrophages, and antigenic specificity. It was found that synthetic and natural free lipid A exhibit identical activities and are indistinguishable in all tests.