Gut–X axis

• Published in: IMETA Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. e270 - n/a
• Main Authors: Lin, Xu, Yu, Zuxiang, Liu, Yang, Li, Changzhou, Hu, Hui, Hu, Jia‐Chun, Liu, Mian, Yang, Qin, Gu, Peng, Li, Jiaxin, Nandakumar, Kutty Selva, Hu, Gaofei, Zhang, Qi, Chen, Xinyu, Ma, Huihui, Huang, Wenye, Wang, Gaofeng, Wang, Yan, Huang, Liping, Wu, Wenjuan, Liu, Ning‐Ning, Zhang, Chenhong, Liu, Xingyin, Zheng, Leming, Chen, Peng
• Format: Journal Article Publication
• Language: English
• Published: Australia John Wiley and Sons Inc 01.02.2025; Wiley
• Subjects: bone; brain; gut; heart; kidney; liver; lung; Review; lung; kidney; liver; gut; bone; brain; heart
• ISSN: 2770-596X; 2770-5986; 2770-596X
• DOI: 10.1002/imt2.270

Recent advances in understanding the modulatory functions of gut and gut microbiota on human diseases facilitated our focused attention on the contribution of the gut to the pathophysiological alterations of many extraintestinal organs, including the liver, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, bone, skin, reproductive, and endocrine systems. In this review, we applied the “gut–X axis” concept to describe the linkages between the gut and other organs and discussed the latest findings related to the “gut–X axis,” including the underlying modulatory mechanisms and potential clinical intervention strategies. The concept of “gut–X axis”: the intestine and intestinal microbiota are proven to be able to modulate the pathophysiologic progressions of the extraintestinal organs' diseases. The bioactive chemicals and/or intestinal immune cells can translocate into the circulatory system and other organs and influence the immune reactions, metabolic status, cells physiology, and so forth of extraintestinal organs, finally regulating these organs' homeostasis. Meanwhile, other organs may reversely impact the intestine, namely such regulatory axis is bidirectional. Highlights The gut and gut microbiota modulate the homeostasis of extraintestinal organs. The gut microbiota‐derived bioactive substances regulate the development of diseases in the extraintestinal organs. Targeting intestinal microbiota is a promising strategy for treating the diseases of extraintestinal organs.