Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antidiabetic Activities of Ethanolic Extracts of Opuntia dillenii Fruits Collected from Morocco

• Published in: Journal of food quality Vol. 2022; pp. 1 - 15
• Main Authors: Loukili, EL Hassania, Bouchal, Btissam, Bouhrim, Mohamed, Abrigach, Farid, Genva, Manon, Zidi, Kahina, Bnouham, Mohamed, Bellaoui, Mohammed, Hammouti, Belkheir, Addi, Mohamed, Ramdani, Mohammed, Fauconnier, Marie-Laure
• Format: Journal Article Web Resource
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo Hindawi 30.10.2022; Hindawi Limited; Wiley
• Subjects: Antibacterial agents; Antidiabetics; Antifungal agents; Arid regions; Arid zones; Bioactive compounds; Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology; Biochimie, biophysique & biologie moléculaire; Bioflavonoids; Calibration; Chemical composition; Chemistry; Chimie; E coli; Enzymatic activity; Ethanol; Flavones; Flavonoids; Food quality; Food Science; Fruit; Fruit juices; Fruits; Life sciences; Liquid chromatography; Medicinal plants; Medicine, Botanic; Medicine, Herbal; Metabolites; Phenols; Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences; Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre; Phytochemicals; Plant extracts; Polyphenols; Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality; Sciences du vivant; Seeds; Semiarid lands; Morocco; Germany
• ISSN: 0146-9428; 1745-4557; 1745-4557
• DOI: 10.1155/2022/9471239

Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. belongs to the Cactaceae family and is native to the arid and semi-arid regions of Mexico and the southern United States. O. dillenii are now used as medicinal plants in various countries. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of ethanolic extracts obtained from seeds, juice, and peel of O. dillenii fruits collected from Morocco, and we evaluated their antibacterial, antifungal, and antidiabetic activities. Phytochemical screening revealed high quantities of polyphenols (193.73 ± 81.44 to 341.12 ± 78.90 gallic acid eq [g/100 g dry weight]) in the extracts. The major phenolic compounds determined by HPLC were gallic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid. Regarding flavonoids, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside and kaempferol were the predominant molecules. Juice extracts showed weak to moderate antibacterial activity against the bacteria species Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella braenderup. All tested extracts displayed a significant inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities in vitro, with the peel extracts showing the greatest inhibitory effects. Together, these findings suggest that O. dillenii fruits are a promising source for the isolation of novel compounds with antibacterial or antidiabetic activities. For the most abundant phytochemicals identified in O. dillenii peel ethanolic extract, molecular docking simulations against human pancreatic α-amylase enzyme were performed. These indicated the presence of bioactive compounds in the extract with a better potential to decrease the enzyme activity than the commercial drug acarbose.