Mitochondrial biogenesis: An update

• Published in: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Vol. 24; no. 9; pp. 4892 - 4899
• Main Author: Popov, Lucia‐Doina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.05.2020; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: ageing; Aging; Biosynthesis; cancer; Gene expression; Genomes; Homeostasis; Kinases; metabolic diseases; Metabolic disorders; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial DNA; mtDNA; Neurodegeneration; nuclear respiratory factors; Oxidative stress; PGC‐1α; Phosphorylation; Proteins; Regeneration; Review; Reviews; Signal transduction; Therapeutic applications; transcription factor A; Transcription factors; transcription factor A; ageing; metabolic diseases; mtDNA; neurodegeneration; PGC-1α; cancer; nuclear respiratory factors
• ISSN: 1582-1838; 1582-4934; 1582-4934
• DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15194

In response to the energy demand triggered by developmental signals and environmental stressors, the cells launch the mitochondrial biogenesis process. This is a self‐renewal route, by which new mitochondria are generated from the ones already existing. Recently, considerable progress has been made in deciphering mitochondrial biogenesis‐related proteins and genes that function in health and in pathology‐related circumstances. However, an outlook on the intracellular mechanisms shared by the main players that drive mitochondrial biogenesis machinery is still missing. Here, we provide such a view by focusing on the following issues: (a) the role of mitochondrial biogenesis in homeostasis of the mitochondrial mass and function, (b) the signalling pathways beyond the induction/promotion, stimulation and inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and (c) the therapeutic applications aiming the repair and regeneration of defective mitochondrial biogenesis (in ageing, metabolic diseases, neurodegeneration and cancer). The review is concluded by the perspectives of mitochondrial medicine and research.