Prognostic impact of additional mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in octogenarian heart failure patients

• Published in: ESC Heart Failure Vol. 7; no. 5; pp. 2711 - 2724
• Main Authors: Abe, Takuro, Jujo, Kentaro, Kametani, Motoko, Minami, Yuichiro, Fukushima, Noritoshi, Saito, Katsumi, Hagiwara, Nobuhisa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.10.2020; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Age; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood pressure; Cardiology; Clinical trials; Creatinine; Drug dosages; Ejection fraction; Guideline‐directed medical therapy; Heart failure; Heart Failure - drug therapy; Hemoglobin; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Humans; Medical records; Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Mortality; Nitrogen; Octogenarian; Original; Original s; Patients; Peptides; Population; Prognosis; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left; Japan; Heart failure; Octogenarian; Guideline-directed medical therapy; Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
• ISSN: 2055-5822; 2055-5822
• DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12862

Aims Guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) including beta‐blockers and renin–angiotensin system inhibitors is shown to reduce mortality risk in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, there is little evidence about the efficacy of additional administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) with GDMT in patients ≥80 years presenting with HF. We aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of GDMT with MRA in relation to the age of patients with HF. Methods and results This observational study included patients admitted for HF with reduced LVEF who were discharged alive; among them, 224 patients were ≥80 years, and 661 patients were <80 years. Both populations were divided into three groups depending on whether they received GDMT with or without MRA or single/no GDMT drugs (GDMT+MRA+, GDMT+MRA−, or non‐GDMT, respectively). The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality. In patients ≥80 years, all‐cause mortality was the lowest in the GDMT+MRA+ group (log‐rank trend, P = 0.034), and no significant differences were observed between the GDMT+MRA− and non‐GDMT groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that GDMT+MRA+ was superior to GDMT+MRA−, even after adjusting for parameters at discharge (hazard ratio: 0.32, 95% confidence interval: 0.11–0.99). In patients <80 years, GDMT reduced all‐cause mortality; however, additional MRA was not associated with an improved outcome. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that additional MRA to GDMT at discharge is one of the therapeutic options for elderly HF patients with reduced LVEF. This finding is not well documented in previous clinical trials.