CD18 in Monogenic and Polygenic Inflammatory Processes of the Skin
The β2 integrin family (CD11/CD18) of leukocyte adhesion molecules plays a key role in inflammation. Absence of the common β chain (CD18) leads to leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 (LAD1) in humans. We here summarize data of two genetically defined mice models of β2 integrin deficiency, one with a CD1...
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Published in | Journal of investigative dermatology Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 7 - 15 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.09.2006
Elsevier Limited |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The β2 integrin family (CD11/CD18) of leukocyte adhesion molecules plays a key role in inflammation. Absence of the common β chain (CD18) leads to leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 (LAD1) in humans. We here summarize data of two genetically defined mice models of β2 integrin deficiency, one with a CD18 null mutation (CD18−/−), and the other one with a hypomorphic CD18 mutation (CD18hypo). Firstly, we focus on the underlying mechanism of a severely impaired wound healing in CD18−/− mice, outlining a scenario in which a defective extravasation and phagocytosis of CD18−/− neutrophils results in delayed myofibroblast-dependent wound contraction owing to a deficient transforming growth factor-β1 release. Based on this, we have identified a potential therapy that fully rescued the impaired wound healing in CD18−/− mice. Secondly, we expand on a CD18hypo PL/J mouse model closely resembling human psoriasis. Apart from common clinical and pathophysiological features, this psoriasiform dermatitis also depends on the presence of activated CD4+T cells. We here recapitulate the influence of a reduced CD18 gene expression on T-cell function, also with regard to CD18 gene–dose effects, and its contribution to the pathogenesis of this disease. Taken together, these unique features make this model a valuable tool for investigations into the pathogenesis of human psoriasis – including its polygenic base – and future preclinical studies. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 |
ISSN: | 1087-0024 0022-202X 1529-1774 1523-1747 |
DOI: | 10.1038/sj.jidsymp.5650006 |