single-step direct hydrothermal synthesis of SrTiO3 nanoparticles from crystalline P25 TiO2 powders

• Published in: Journal of materials science Vol. 51; no. 2; pp. 1142 - 1152
• Main Authors: Zhang, Yabing, Zhong, Li, Duan, Dongping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.01.2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemical synthesis; Chemistry and Materials Science; Classical Mechanics; Crystal structure; Crystallinity; Crystallography and Scattering Methods; Cubic lattice; Electron microscopes; Emission analysis; Field emission microscopy; Grain size; Hydrothermal crystal growth; Materials Science; microscopes; Morphology; Nanoparticles; Original Paper; Parameters; Polymer Sciences; powders; Reaction mechanisms; Reaction time; scanning electron microscopes; Solid Mechanics; Solid state; Specific surface; Strontium; Strontium titanates; surface area; Titanium; Titanium dioxide; transmission electron microscopes; transmission electron microscopy; Unit cell; X-ray diffraction; Large Specific Surface Area; Hydrothermal Process; Reaction Duration; Barium Titanate; TiO2
• ISSN: 0022-2461; 1573-4803
• DOI: 10.1007/s10853-015-9445-7

In the study, strontium titanium (SrTiO₃) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a single-step direct hydrothermal process under alkaline condition from crystalline P25 titanium dioxide (TiO₂) powders and strontium hydroxide octahydrate (Sr(OH)₂·8H₂O) at 220°C. The samples obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), indicating that the products were highly crystalline cubic SrTiO₃ nanoparticles. The lattice parameter, unit cell volume, and atomic position were refined by Highscore Plus and Maud program to determine the crystal structure parameters. The thermal field emission scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive spectrometer (FE-SEM-EDS) showed the samples prepared were cubic SrTiO₃ nanoparticles with regular morphology. The fine morphologies and structures of SrTiO₃ were investigated by field emission high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM). The specific surface areas of samples were investigated by the BET method. As a comparison, SrTiO₃ nanoparticles also were synthesized by solid-state reaction. The samples synthesized by hydrothermal method have bigger specific surface areas and smaller grain sizes than the sample synthesized by solid-state method. Big mole ratio Sr/Ti and short reaction time are helpful to produce small particles with large specific surface area. The reaction mechanism of the hydrothermal process was illustrated finally.