Chaetoglobosins and azaphilones from Chaetomium globosum associated with Apostichopus japonicus

• Published in: Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol. 104; no. 4; pp. 1545 - 1553
• Main Authors: Qi, Jun, Jiang, Lan, Zhao, Peipei, Chen, Haiyan, Jia, Xiaopeng, Zhao, Liya, Dai, Huanqin, Hu, Jiansen, Liu, Changheng, Shim, Sang Hee, Xia, Xuekui, Zhang, Lixin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.02.2020; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antimicrobial agents; Apostichopus japonicus; BCG; BCG vaccines; Bioactive compounds; Biodiversity; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnological Products and Process Engineering; Biotechnology; Chaetomium globosum; Drug resistance; Fungi; Gene sequencing; Life Sciences; Metabolites; Methicillin; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Microbiomes; Microorganisms; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Plant metabolites; Secondary metabolites; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus infections; Symbionts; China; Antimicrobial activity; Chaetoglobosins; Azaphilones; Genome mining; Chaetomium globosum; Apostichopus japonicus
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10308-0

Increasing attention has recently been focused on complex symbiotic associations, for instance coral and its symbionts. Sea cucumber, harboring diverse fungi, has also attracted more and more attention for their functional diversity. Here, secondary metabolites produced by Chaetomium globosum associated with sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, were investigated using gene mining with third-generation sequencing technology (PacBio SMRT). Nine compounds, including one new compound cytoglobosin X ( 1 ), were isolated from cultures of Chaetomium globosum . Compound 1 was identified based on NMR data, HRESIMS, and ECD, and the absolute configurations were identified as 3 S , 4 R , 7 S , 8 R , 9 R , 16 S , 19 S , 20 S , and 23 S . In an antimicrobial assay, compound 4 showed moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with MICs of 47.3 and 94.6 μM, respectively. Our results suggest that the microbiomes associated with sea cucumber could be an important resource for biodiversity and structural novelty, and the bioactive compounds may protect the host from pathogen microbial.