Picture-word matching: Flexibility in conceptual memory and pupillary responses

• Published in: Psychophysiology Vol. 40; no. 6; pp. 904 - 913
• Main Authors: Van Der Meer, Elke, Friedrich, Manuela, Nuthmann, Antje, Stelzel, Christine, Kuchinke, Lars
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing 01.11.2003; Blackwell
• Subjects: Adult; Amodal representation; Biological and medical sciences; Cognition. Intelligence; Concepts; Dual-code theory; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Language; Male; Memory - physiology; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Psychomotor Performance - physiology; Pupil - physiology; Pupillary response; Reaction Time - physiology; Reasoning. Problem solving; Visual Perception - physiology; Human; Central nervous system; Pupillometry; Cognition; Abstraction; Encephalon; Visual stimulus; Investigation method; Information processing; Problem solving; Reaction time; Matching task; Categorization
• ISSN: 0048-5772; 1540-5958; 1469-8986
• DOI: 10.1111/1469-8986.00108

The influence of levels of ion in picture–word matching was examined. The items each consisted of one picture and three successively presented words. Hierarchies with words for superordinate, basic, and subordinate level concepts were used (e.g., plant, flower, rose). The picture–word condition (congruent, incongruent), the word position (first, second, third), and the level of categorization (subordinate, basic, superordinate) were manipulated. Reaction times, error rates, and pupillary responses were recorded. Pupillary responses coincided with behavioral data. In general, there was an advantage for subordinate and basic level processing compared to superordinate level processing. However, switches to words for superordinate concepts were most facilitated. These findings support a two‐step account of picture–word matching. First, the picture is categorized according to its concrete features. Second, amodal features are processed.