Metal and phytochelatin content in phytoplankton from freshwater lakes with different metal concentrations
The tace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin(an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples originating from four lakes (Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne, and Orta). The lakes differ in their metal concentrations and in other conditions (pH, trophic...
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Published in | Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol. 17; no. 12; pp. 2444 - 2452 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Hoboken
Wiley Periodicals, Inc
01.12.1998
SETAC |
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Abstract | The tace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin(an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples originating from four lakes (Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne, and Orta). The lakes differ in their metal concentrations and in other conditions (pH, trophic state, organic matter). Total and intracellular contents of Cu and Cd were related to the experimentally determined free metal ion concentration and the total and intracellular content of Mn to the dissolved Mn. The intracellular Zn content was tightly regulated over a broad range of [Zn2+]. Phytochelatin concentrations were measurable in phytoplankton communities from three of the lakes, in spite of low levels of free Cu, Zn, and Cd ion concentrations. Culture experiments showed that the concentration of intracellular phytochelatin in Scenedesmus subspicatus and in a natural algal community increased upon addition of copper in a similar concentration range as in the lakes. Phytochelatin concentrations were below detection in the phytoplankton collected from the highly contaminated Lake Orta, perhaps suggesting that this algal community has adapted in some other way to high metal concentrations. Although we only sampled a few lakes, the lack of any clear relationship between phytochelatin and metal concentrations calls into question the feasibility of using phytochelatins as a bioindicator of metal exposure in lakes. |
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AbstractList | The tace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin(an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples originating from four lakes (Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne, and Orta). The lakes differ in their metal concentrations and in other conditions (pH, trophic state, organic matter). Total and intracellular contents of Cu and Cd were related to the experimentally determined free metal ion concentration and the total and intracellular content of Mn to the dissolved Mn. The intracellular Zn content was tightly regulated over a broad range of [Zn2+]. Phytochelatin concentrations were measurable in phytoplankton communities from three of the lakes, in spite of low levels of free Cu, Zn, and Cd ion concentrations. Culture experiments showed that the concentration of intracellular phytochelatin in Scenedesmus subspicatus and in a natural algal community increased upon addition of copper in a similar concentration range as in the lakes. Phytochelatin concentrations were below detection in the phytoplankton collected from the highly contaminated Lake Orta, perhaps suggesting that this algal community has adapted in some other way to high metal concentrations. Although we only sampled a few lakes, the lack of any clear relationship between phytochelatin and metal concentrations calls into question the feasibility of using phytochelatins as a bioindicator of metal exposure in lakes. Phytochelatins are induced in eukaryotic algal cells in response to stress by heavy metals. Water and phytoplankton samples were obtained from four lakes in Switzerland with different loadings of trace metals, and metal and phytochelatin concentrations were determined. Laboratory culture experiments were also conducted to determine these relationships under controlled conditions. Results from both the field and laboratory experiments demonstrated a relationship between cellular metal content and free metal ion concentration clearly for cadmium and copper, and with the dissolved manganese for Mn. The intracellular zinc content in lake phytoplankton appeared to vary little with Zn ion. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Cd in the lakes for which phytochelatins were measured did not vary within a range that would necessarily be expected to induce phytochelatin above basal concentrations, however, so phytochelatin may not be a good bioindicator of metal availability or bioaccumulation in phytoplankton. The trace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin (an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples originating from four lakes (Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne, and Orta). The lakes differ in their metal concentrations and in other conditions (pH, trophic state, organic matter). Total and intracellular contents of Cu and Cd were related to the experimentally determined free metal ion concentration and the total and intracellular content of Mn to the dissolved Mn. The intracellular Zn content was tightly regulated over a broad range of [Zn super(2+)]. Phytochelatin concentrations were measurable in phytoplankton communities from three of the lakes, in spite of low levels of free Cu, Zn, and Cd ion concentrations. Culture experiments showed that the concentration of intracellular phytochelatin in Scenedesmus subspicatus and in a natural algal community increased upon addition of copper in a similar concentration range as in the lakes. Phytochelatin concentrations were below detection in the phytoplankton collected from the highly contaminated Lake Orta, perhaps suggesting that this algal community has adapted in some other way to high metal concentrations. Although we only sampled a few lakes, the lack of any clear relationship between phytochelatin and metal concentrations calls into question the feasibility of using phytochelatins as a bioindicator of metal exposure in lakes. The trace metals copper, manganese, cadmium and zinc, and phytochelatin, were determined in phytoplankton from 4 lakes, Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne and Orta, to evaluate whether phytochelatin production in freshwater algae could be an effective bioindicator of freshwater metal bioavailability. Total and intracellular contents of copper and cadmium were related to the experimentally determined free metal ion concentration and the total and intracellular content of manganese to the dissolved manganese. Phytochelatin was measured in Greifen, Sempach and Lucerne lakes despite low levels of free metal ion concentrations. Levels of phytochelatin were below detection in the highly contaminated Orta lake suggesting adaptation by the indigenous phytoplankton community. Culture experiments showed that the concentration of intracellular phytochelatin in Scenedesmus subspicatus and a natural algal community increased with the addition of copper. The lack of any clear relationship between phytochelatin and metal ion concentrations questions the feasibility of using phytochelatins as bioindicators of metal exposure. There are 45 references. The tace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin(an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples originating from four lakes (Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne, and Orta). The lakes differ in their metal concentrations and in other conditions (pH, trophic state, organic matter). Total and intracellular contents of Cu and Cd were related to the experimentally determined free metal ion concentration and the total and intracellular content of Mn to the dissolved Mn. The intracellular Zn content was tightly regulated over a broad range of [Zn 2+ ]. Phytochelatin concentrations were measurable in phytoplankton communities from three of the lakes, in spite of low levels of free Cu, Zn, and Cd ion concentrations. Culture experiments showed that the concentration of intracellular phytochelatin in Scenedesmus subspicatus and in a natural algal community increased upon addition of copper in a similar concentration range as in the lakes. Phytochelatin concentrations were below detection in the phytoplankton collected from the highly contaminated Lake Orta, perhaps suggesting that this algal community has adapted in some other way to high metal concentrations. Although we only sampled a few lakes, the lack of any clear relationship between phytochelatin and metal concentrations calls into question the feasibility of using phytochelatins as a bioindicator of metal exposure in lakes. |
Author | Sigg, Laura Ahner, Beth Xue, Han Bin Knauer, Katja |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Katja surname: Knauer fullname: Knauer, Katja email: katja.knauer@cabe.unige.ch organization: Swiss Federal Institute of Environmental Science and Technology EAWAG, 8600 Dübendorf, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland – sequence: 2 givenname: Beth surname: Ahner fullname: Ahner, Beth organization: Cornell University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Ithaca, New York 14853-5701 USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Han Bin surname: Xue fullname: Xue, Han Bin organization: Cornell University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Ithaca, New York 14853-5701 USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Laura surname: Sigg fullname: Sigg, Laura organization: Swiss Federal Institute of Environmental Science and Technology EAWAG, 8600 Dübendorf, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland |
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Keywords | Organic matter Environmental factor Trophic status Chlorophyceae Freshwater environment pH Phytoplankton Copper Speciation Thallophyta Cadmium Ecotoxicology Algae Biological indicator Contamination Zinc Heavy metal Pollutant Chlorophyta Chelating agent Lakes Water pollution Biological accumulation Comparative study Manganese |
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Snippet | The tace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin(an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples... The trace metals copper, manganese, cadmium and zinc, and phytochelatin, were determined in phytoplankton from 4 lakes, Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne and Orta, to... Phytochelatins are induced in eukaryotic algal cells in response to stress by heavy metals. Water and phytoplankton samples were obtained from four lakes in... The trace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin (an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples... |
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SubjectTerms | Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Bioindicator Biological and medical sciences Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on plants and fungi Freshwater Freshwater phytoplankton Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Phytochelatin Scenedesmus subspicatus Trace metals |
Title | Metal and phytochelatin content in phytoplankton from freshwater lakes with different metal concentrations |
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