Metal and phytochelatin content in phytoplankton from freshwater lakes with different metal concentrations

• Published in: Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol. 17; no. 12; pp. 2444 - 2452
• Main Authors: Knauer, Katja, Ahner, Beth, Xue, Han Bin, Sigg, Laura
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Periodicals, Inc 01.12.1998; SETAC
• Subjects: Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Bioindicator; Biological and medical sciences; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on plants and fungi; Freshwater; Freshwater phytoplankton; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Phytochelatin; Scenedesmus subspicatus; Trace metals; Southern Europe; Italy; Switzerland; Europe; Organic matter; Environmental factor; Trophic status; Chlorophyceae; Freshwater environment; pH; Phytoplankton; Copper; Speciation; Thallophyta; Cadmium; Ecotoxicology; Algae; Biological indicator; Contamination; Zinc; Heavy metal; Pollutant; Chlorophyta; Chelating agent; Lakes; Water pollution; Biological accumulation; Comparative study; Manganese
• ISSN: 0730-7268; 1552-8618
• DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620171210

The tace metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn) and phytochelatin(an intracellular chelator for metal ions) cellular content were determined in phytoplankton samples originating from four lakes (Greifen, Sempach, Lucerne, and Orta). The lakes differ in their metal concentrations and in other conditions (pH, trophic state, organic matter). Total and intracellular contents of Cu and Cd were related to the experimentally determined free metal ion concentration and the total and intracellular content of Mn to the dissolved Mn. The intracellular Zn content was tightly regulated over a broad range of [Zn2+]. Phytochelatin concentrations were measurable in phytoplankton communities from three of the lakes, in spite of low levels of free Cu, Zn, and Cd ion concentrations. Culture experiments showed that the concentration of intracellular phytochelatin in Scenedesmus subspicatus and in a natural algal community increased upon addition of copper in a similar concentration range as in the lakes. Phytochelatin concentrations were below detection in the phytoplankton collected from the highly contaminated Lake Orta, perhaps suggesting that this algal community has adapted in some other way to high metal concentrations. Although we only sampled a few lakes, the lack of any clear relationship between phytochelatin and metal concentrations calls into question the feasibility of using phytochelatins as a bioindicator of metal exposure in lakes.