Running wheel activity protects against increased seizure susceptibility in ethanol withdrawn male rats

• Published in: Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior Vol. 100; no. 3; pp. 485 - 489
• Main Authors: McCulley, Walter D., Walls, Shawn A., Khurana, Ritu C., Rosenwasser, Alan M., Devaud, Leslie L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Inc 01.01.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Activity wheel; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures - physiopathology; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures - prevention & control; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biological and medical sciences; Body Weight; Energy Intake; Ethanol withdrawal; GABAA receptors; Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy; Male; Medical sciences; Motor Activity; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes); Neurology; Pentylenetetrazole; Random Allocation; Rats; Seizure susceptibility; Severity of Illness Index; Stress; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome - therapy; Time Factors; Ethanol withdrawal; Activity wheel; Seizure susceptibility; Stress; GABAA receptors; Nervous system diseases; Ethanol; Rat; Epilepsy; Rodentia; Male; Cerebral disorder; Prevention; Vertebrata; Sensitivity; Mammalia; Convulsion; Running-wheel; Animal; Central nervous system disease; Neurological disorder; Gabaergic receptor A
• ISSN: 0091-3057; 1873-5177
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.10.009

Ethanol withdrawal is a dysphoric condition that arises from termination of ethanol intake by dependent individuals. Common withdrawal symptoms include anxiety, increased reactivity to stimuli and increased seizure susceptibility as well as the risk of increased seizure severity. We use an animal model of dependence and withdrawal to study withdrawal behaviors and potential underlying neurobiological mechanisms. For a number of years, we have quantified pentylenetetrazol seizure thresholds as an assessment of ethanol withdrawal at both one day and three days of withdrawal. Typically, we see a significant decrease in seizure threshold (increased sensitivity to seizure induction) that persists through three days of withdrawal for male rats. Increasing evidence indicates that voluntary exercise affords protection against various challenges to physical and psychological health, including ethanol-related challenges. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of voluntary wheel running on seizure susceptibility following chronic ethanol administration and withdrawal. We found that voluntary wheel running attenuated the increased sensitivity to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures observed with ethanol withdrawal, at both the one-day and three-day time points. This result was especially interesting as animals with access to the running wheels consumed more of the ethanol-containing diet. These findings showed that chronic voluntary wheel running reduces the severity of ethanol withdrawal in our animal model and suggest that exercise-based interventions may have some utility in the clinical management of heavy drinking and alcohol withdrawal. ► Wheel running protected against ethanol withdrawal seizure sensitivity. ► The ethanol diet altered wheel-running activity during both active and rest phases. ► There were sex differences in wheel running and ethanol withdrawal responses.