Effect of molecular mass and sulfate content of fucoidan from Sargassum siliquosum on antioxidant, anti-lipogenesis, and anti-inflammatory activity

• Published in: Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol. 132; no. 4; pp. 359 - 364
• Main Authors: Chen, Chun-Yen, Wang, Shao-Hua, Huang, Chih-Yu, Dong, Cheng-Di, Huang, Chun-Yung, Chang, Chia-Che, Chang, Jo-Shu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Elsevier B.V 01.10.2021
• Subjects: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Anti-inflammation; anti-inflammatory activity; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-lipogenesis; Antioxidant; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Fucoidan; hydrogen; hydrolysis; lipids; macroalgae; molecular weight; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Sargassum; Sargassum siliquosum; Sulfates; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Sargassum siliquosum; Fucoidan; Antioxidant; Anti-inflammation; Anti-lipogenesis
• ISSN: 1389-1723; 1347-4421; 1347-4421
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.06.005

Macroalgae (seaweeds) are abundant in functional polysaccharides known for their unique biochemical activities. In this study, the antioxidant, anti-lipogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the fucoidan extracted from brown seaweed Sargassum siliquosum were investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging ability, lipid synthesis inhibition, and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production, respectively. To examine the effect of molecular mass on fucoidan's bioactivities above, the extracted fucoidan was subject to hydrogen peroxide-mediated partial hydrolysis to obtain lower molecular mass compounds within the range of 107.3–3.2 kDa. Results indicated that fucoidan's antioxidant activity increased with a corresponding decrease in molecular mass; the dosage for the half-maximal response (EC50) dropped from 2.58 to 1.82 mg/mL when the molecular mass decreased from 107.3 to 3.2 kDa. In addition, both the anti-lipogenesis and anti-inflammatory activities of fucoidan were significantly enhanced by 71.1% and 36.7%, respectively, when the molecular mass decreased to about 3 kDa. To further test the effect of sulfation on fucoidan's bioactivities, low molecular mass fucoidan was treated with SO3-DMF to increase the sulfate content. The results indicated that when sulfate content increased from 18.7% to 32.1%, EC50 of DPPH decreased from 1.82 mg/mL to 0.86 mg/mL and the anti-inflammatory activity also increased by 35.2%; however, the anti-lipogenesis activity decreased. [Display omitted] •Degradation of purified Sargassum siliquosum fucoidan could upgrade functional activities.•Adding sulfate groups to low molecular mass fucoidan enhanced DPPH removal ability.•Adding sulfate groups to low molecular mass fucoidan enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect.•Higher sulfate content of low molecular mass fucoidan reduced lipogenesis in HepG2 cells.