Prediction of excretion of manure and nitrogen by Holstein dairy cattle

• Published in: Journal of dairy science Vol. 80; no. 12; pp. 3193 - 3204
• Main Authors: Wilkerson, V.A, Mertens, D.R, Casper, D.P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Savoy, IL Am Dairy Sci Assoc 01.12.1997; American Dairy Science Association
• Subjects: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animal productions; Animals; AZOTE; Biological and medical sciences; BODY WEIGHT; BOVIN; BREEDS (ANIMALS); CATTLE; Cattle - physiology; CRUDE FIBRE; DAIRY COWS; DIET; DIETA; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; DRY PERIOD; Eating; Energy Metabolism; EQUATIONS; ESTIERCOL; EXCRECION; EXCRETION; FAECES; FARMYARD MANURE; FECES; FECES COMPOSITION; FEED INTAKE; Female; FIBRA BRUTA; FIBRE BRUTE; FORECASTING; FUMIER; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GANADO BOVINO; GENISSE; GESTACION; GESTATION; HECES; HEIFERS; HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN; INGESTION DE PIENSOS; LACTACION; LACTATION; LACTATION STAGE; LINEAR MODELS; MATEMATICAS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MATHEMATICS; MATHEMATIQUE; MILK YIELD; MODELE LINEAIRE; MODELE MATHEMATIQUE; MODELOS LINEALES; MODELOS MATEMATICOS; NITROGEN; Nitrogen - metabolism; NITROGENO; NOVILLA; PERIODE DE TARISSEMENT; PERIODO DE SECADO; PESO CORPORAL; POIDS CORPOREL; PREGNANCY; PRISE ALIMENTAIRE (ANIMAUX); PROTEINAS; PROTEINE; PROTEINS; QUADRATIC MODELS; RACE (ANIMAL); RAZAS (ANIMALES); REGIME ALIMENTAIRE; Regression Analysis; RENDEMENT LAITIER; RENDIMIENTO LECHERO; TECHNIQUE DE PREVISION; TECNICAS DE PREDICCION; Terrestrial animal productions; VACAS LECHERAS; VACHE LAITIERE; Vertebrates; Excretion; Farming animal; Dairy cattle; Animal slurry; Nitrogen; Farmyard manure; Forecasting; Liquid manure; Milk production; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Artiodactyla; Computing method; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0022-0302; 1525-3198
• DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(97)76292-1

A compilation of N balance data (n = 1801) was partitioned into four groups to define the mean excretion of manure and N and to develop empirical equations to estimate these excretions from Holstein herds. Mean excretion of manure for cows that averaged 29 kg/d of milk production was 3 kg/d per 1000 kg of body weight (BW) more than the value for dairy cows reported by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers; N excretion was 0.09 kg/d per 1000 kg of BW higher than the value reported by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Mean excretion of manure and N for cows that averaged 14 kg/d of milk production and that for nonlactating cows were substantially lower than the values reported by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Growing and replacement cattle excreted 10 kg/d per 1000 kg of BW more manure and 0.11 kg/d per 1000 kg of BW more N than was reported by the American Society for Agricultural Engineers for beef cattle. Estimation of manure and N excretion was more accurate than mean values when using regression equations that included variables for milk production, concentration of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber in the diet, BW, days in milk, and days of pregnancy. Equations that contained intake variables did not significantly affect predictions of manure and N excretion, and the use of such equations is discouraged unless dry matter intake is measured and not estimated. Accurate estimates of excreta output could improve the planning of storage and handling systems for manure and the calculation of nutrient balances on dairy farms