A Frequency Reconfigurable Folded Antenna for Cognitive Radio Communication

• Published in: Micromachines (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 3; p. 527
• Main Authors: Ibrahim, Ahmed A, Ali, Wael A E, Alathbah, Moath, Mohamed, Hesham A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 24.02.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Antennas; Antennas (Electronics); Bandwidths; Cognitive radio; Design; Design and construction; Diodes; folded monopole antenna; Frequencies; Ground plane; Microstrip antennas; Monopole antennas; Monopoles; PIN diode; PIN diodes; Radiation; Radio communications; reconfigurable; Simulation; Software; Spectrum allocation; Substrates; Egypt; reconfigurable; cognitive radio; PIN diode; folded monopole antenna
• ISSN: 2072-666X; 2072-666X
• DOI: 10.3390/mi14030527

In this work, a spectrum-sensing monopole antenna was used to operate in different frequency bands for cognitive radio applications. The proposed antenna consists of a folded monopole antenna with a partial ground plane, and it can be used for various wireless technologies operated at various frequencies from 1.5 to 3.5 GHz. The suggested antenna was printed on a RO4003 substrate with 3.38 permittivity and an overall size of 60 × 60 × 0.813 mm . To achieve reconfigurability of the antenna, PIN diodes (HPND-4005) were inserted at different lengths along the antenna to obtain the desired performance. The antenna was fabricated and experimentally tested to validate the simulation outcomes, and distinct consistency between the simulation and measurement outcomes was obtained. Computer simulation tool (CST) software was used to design and simulate the suggested antenna and then the model was fabricated to validate the simulation outcomes.