Elimination of the concentration dependence in mass isotopomer abundance mass spectrometry of methyl palmitate using metastable atom bombardment

• Published in: Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry Vol. 12; no. 6; pp. 754 - 761
• Main Authors: Fagerquist, Clifton K, Hellerstein, Marc K, Faubert, Denis, Bertrand, Michel J
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.06.2001; Elsevier Science; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abundance; Argon; Cations; Chemistry; Electron bombardment; Electron impact; Energy consumption; Error analysis; Esters; Exact sciences and technology; Fatty acids; Fragmentation; Ionization; Ions; Krypton; Mass spectrometry; Metastable atoms; Molecular ions; Organic chemistry; Penning ionization; Reaction mechanisms; Reactivity and mechanisms; Scientific imaging; Spectroscopy; Vapor phases; Electron impact; Isotopic analysis; Metastable ion; Fatty ester; Fragmentation pattern; Operating conditions; Penning ionization; Time of flight method; Concentration effect; Ionization potential; Collision gas; Metastable atom bombardment; Fatty acid methyl ester; Mass spectrometry
• ISSN: 1044-0305; 1879-1123
• DOI: 10.1016/S1044-0305(01)00227-6

An important problem in mass isotopomer abundance mass spectrometry (MIAMS) is the dependence of measured mass isotopomer abundances on sample concentration. We have evaluated the role of ionization energy on mass isotopomer abundance ratios of methyl palmitate as a function of sample concentration. Ionization energy was varied using electron impact ionization (EI) and metastable atom bombardment (MAB). The latter generates a beam of metastable species capable of ionizing analyte molecules by Penning ionization. We observed that ionization of methyl palmitate by EI (70 eV) showed the greatest molecular ion fragmentation and also showed the greatest dependence of relative isotopomer abundance ratios on sample concentration. Ionization using the 3 P 2 and 3 P 0 states of metastable krypton (9.92 and 10.56 eV, respectively) resulted in almost no molecular ion fragmentation, and the isotopomer abundances quantified were essentially independent of sample concentration. Ionization using the 3 P 2 and 3 P 0 states of metastable argon (11.55 and 11.72 eV, respectively) showed molecular ion fragmentation intermediate between that of EI and MAB(Kr) and showed an isotopomer concentration dependence which was less severe than that observed with EI but more severe than that observed with MAB(Kr). The observed decrease in the dependence of isotopomer abundance on sample concentration with a decrease in molecular ion fragmentation is consistent with the hypothesis that proton transfer from a fragment cation to a neutral molecule is the gas phase reaction mechanism responsible for the concentration dependence. Alternative explanations, e.g., hydrogen abstraction from a neutral molecule to a molecular cation, is not supported by these results. Moreover, the MAB ionization technique shows potential for eliminating one source of error in MIAMS measurements of methyl palmitate, in particular, and of fatty acids methyl esters, in general.