Exploring Antifouling Activity of Biosurfactants Producing Marine Bacteria Isolated from Gulf of California

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 17; p. 6068
• Main Authors: Alemán-Vega, Monserrat, Sánchez-Lozano, Ilse, Hernández-Guerrero, Claudia J, Hellio, Claire, Quintana, Erika T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.09.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: adhesion; Algae; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Artemia; Artemia - drug effects; Assaying; Bacillus - isolation & purification; Bacillus - metabolism; Bacillus niabensis; Bacteria; Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects; Bioassays; Biodiversity and Ecology; biofilm; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biofouling; Biofouling - prevention & control; Biosurfactants; Cell culture; Culture Media, Conditioned - chemistry; Culture Media, Conditioned - pharmacology; Culture Media, Conditioned - toxicity; Economic impact; Environmental impact; Environmental Sciences; environmentally friendly antifouling; field assays; Geologic Sediments - microbiology; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacteria - drug effects; Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria - drug effects; Hemolysis - drug effects; Laboratories; Low concentrations; Mexico; Microorganisms; Paints; Phylogenetics; Ralstonia - isolation & purification; Sediments; Surface-Active Agents - pharmacology; Surfactants; Toxicity; Mexico; Gulf of California; Ralstonia sp; biosurfactants; biofilm; Bacillus niabensis; field assays; adhesion; environmentally friendly antifouling; actinobacteria; Ralstoniasp; ACL; soil; degradation; natural-products; settlement; paint particles; diversity; surfactants; purification; mechanisms
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176068

Biofouling causes major problems and economic losses to marine and shipping industries. In the search for new antifouling agents, marine bacteria with biosurfactants production capability can be an excellent option, due to the amphipathic surface-active characteristic that confers antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifouling activity of biosurfactants producing marine bacteria from the Gulf of California. The cell free culture supernatant (CFCS) of (S-69), sp. (S-74) (isolated from marine sediment) and of (My-30) (bacteria associated to the sponge ) were screened for production of biosurfactants (using hemolysis and drop collapse test, oil displacement and emulsifying activity). The toxicity and antifouling activity were evaluated against biofoulers (bacteria forming biofilm and macrofoulers) both in laboratory and field assays. The results indicate that all bacteria were biosurfactant producers, but the higher capability was shown by (My-30) with high emulsifying properties (E24) of 71%. The CFCS showed moderate toxicity but were considered non-toxic against at low concentrations. In the antifouling assay, the CFCS of both strains of showed the best results for the reduction of the biofilm formation (up 50%) against all Gram-positive bacteria and most Gram-negative bacteria with low concentrations. In the field assay, the CFCS of (My-30) led to the reduction of 30% of biofouling compared to the control. The results indicate that the biosurfactant produced by (My-30) has promising antifouling activity.