CD57 as a routine neuroendocrine marker for liver metastasis

• Published in: Indian journal of pathology & microbiology Vol. 63; no. 1; pp. 38 - 43
• Main Authors: Caroli-Bottino, Adriana, Mauricio, Almir, N. Pannain, Vera
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd 01.01.2020; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd
• Subjects: Agreements; Antibodies; Antigen-antibody reactions; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Cancer metastasis; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - diagnosis; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - pathology; CD56 antigen; CD57 antigen; CD57 Antigens - genetics; Cell adhesion & migration; Characterization; Diagnostic systems; Duodenum; Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit - genetics; Glycoproteins; Histopathology; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunohistochemistry; Liver; Liver Neoplasms - diagnosis; Liver Neoplasms - secondary; Lungs; Markers; Metastases; Metastasis; Neoplasms; Neuroendocrine tumors; Pancreas; Paraffin Embedding; Sampling methods; Small intestine; Statistical analysis; Statistical methods; Stomach; Subgroups; Synaptophysin; Tomography; Tumors; CD57 antigen; neoplasm metastasis; immunohistochemistry; liver; neuroendocrine tumors
• ISSN: 0377-4929; 0974-5130
• DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_119_19

Background: The characterization of hepatic metastases as having neuroendocrine origins is essential and the main markers currently used are chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syn). However, these markers may exhibit certain limitations, and the use of CD56 and CD57 can also be considered, although, due to low specificity, their use is discouraged. Aim: This study sought to compare the immunohistochemical expression of these markers in hepatic metastases of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN). Materials and Methods: Eighteen samples, were used for immunohistochemical staining with CgA, Syn, CD56, and CD57 antibodies. The immunostaining reactions were compared according to its intensity (I), the percentage of labeled cells (P), and a final score (I × P). Statistical agreement between the markers was also evaluated. Results: CD57 was expressed in the highest number of cases and also showed the most intense expression. CgA showed the highest number of cases with more than 80% positively stained area (72.2%), followed by CD57 (61.1%). The highest average score (I × P) was obtained for CD57 (9.1 ± 4.1). The best indices of agreement were between CgA and CD57 with respect to positivity (P = 0.021) and score (P = 0.014). According to the primary site, stomach/duodenum, lungs, and undetermined subgroups showed the highest average scores for CD57, followed by CgA. For the small bowel subgroup, the highest average score was obtained for CgA, followed by CD57. Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of CD57 in the evaluation of hepatic metastases of NEN and indicate that this marker should be included with CgA and Syn in routine diagnostic panels.