Changes in circulating microRNA levels associated with prostate cancer

• Published in: British journal of cancer Vol. 106; no. 4; pp. 768 - 774
• Main Authors: Bryant, R J, Pawlowski, T, Catto, J W F, Marsden, G, Vessella, R L, Rhees, B, Kuslich, C, Visakorpi, T, Hamdy, F C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 14.02.2012; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/337/384/331; 692/699/67/589/466; 692/700/139; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cancer Research; Drug Resistance; Epidemiology; Humans; Life sciences; Male; Medical research; Medical sciences; Metastasis; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - blood; MicroRNAs - urine; Molecular Diagnostics; Molecular Medicine; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Oncology; Plasma; Prognosis; Prostate cancer; Prostate-Specific Antigen - analysis; Prostatic Neoplasms - blood; Prostatic Neoplasms - genetics; Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology; R&D; Research & development; Tumors; Tumors of the urinary system; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; Urine; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US; prostate cancer; microRNA expression; serum; plasma; urine; Urine; Urinary system disease; RNA interference; Prostate disease; Micro RNA; Malignant tumor; Blood plasma; Gene silencing; Cancerology; Serum; Male genital diseases; Prostate cancer; Cancer
• ISSN: 0007-0920; 1532-1827
• DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.595

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that changes in circulating microRNAs (miRs) represent potentially useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, staging and prediction of outcome in prostate cancer. Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of 742 miRs was performed using plasma-derived circulating microvesicles of 78 prostate cancer patients and 28 normal control individuals to identify differentially quantified miRs. Results: A total of 12 miRs were differentially quantified in prostate cancer patients compared with controls, including 9 in patients without metastases. In all, 11 miRs were present in significantly greater amounts in prostate cancer patients with metastases compared with those without metastases. The association of miR-141 and miR-375 with metastatic prostate cancer was confirmed using serum-derived exosomes and microvesicles in a separate cohort of patients with recurrent or non-recurrent disease following radical prostatectomy. An analysis of five selected miRs in urine samples found that miR-107 and miR-574-3p were quantified at significantly higher concentrations in the urine of men with prostate cancer compared with controls. Conclusion: These observations suggest that changes in miR concentration in prostate cancer patients may be identified by analysing various body fluids. Moreover, circulating miRs may be used to diagnose and stage prostate cancer.