Cognitive effects of calligraphy therapy for older people: a randomized controlled trial in Hong Kong

• Published in: Clinical interventions in aging Vol. 6; pp. 269 - 273
• Main Authors: Kwok, Timothy C Y, Bai, Xue, Kao, Henry S R, Li, Jessie C Y, Ho, Florence K Y
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Taylor & Francis Ltd 01.01.2011; Dove Press; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Calligraphy; calligraphy therapy; Chinese elderly; Clinical trials; Cognitive ability; cognitive function; Dementia - psychology; Dementia - therapy; Evidence-based medicine; Female; Geriatric Assessment - methods; Handwriting; Humans; Intelligence Tests; Male; Mental Competency; mild cognitive impairment; Mind-Body Therapies - methods; Older people; Original Research; Pilot Projects; Psychomotor Performance; randomized controlled trial; Severity of Illness Index; Single-Blind Method; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Hong Kong; cognitive function; mild cognitive impairment; Chinese elderly; calligraphy therapy; randomized controlled trial
• ISSN: 1178-1998; 1176-9092; 1178-1998
• DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S25395

This pilot study investigated the effects of calligraphy therapy on cognitive function in older Hong Kong Chinese people with mild cognitive impairment. A single-blind, randomized controlled trial was carried out in a sample of 31 adults aged 65 years or older with mild cognitive impairment. They were randomly assigned to receive either intensive calligraphy training led by a trained research assistant for eight weeks (calligraphy group, n = 14) or no calligraphy treatment (control group, n = 17). Participants' cognitive function was assessed by the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE) before and after calligraphy treatment. Repeated measures analysis of variance and paired samples t-tests were used to analyze the data. A significant interaction effect of time and intervention was detected [F (1, 29) = 9.11, P = 0.005, η(2) = 0.24]. The calligraphy group was found to have a prominent increase in CMMSE global score, and scores in the cognitive areas of orientation, attention, and calculation after two months (ΔM = 2.36, P < 0.01), whereas their counterparts in the control group experienced a decline in CMMSE score (ΔM = -0.41, P < 0.05). Calligraphy therapy was effective for enhancing cognitive function in older people with mild cognitive impairment and should be incorporated as part of routine programs in both community and residential care settings.