Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistome of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in Taiwan: a next-generation sequencing analysis

• Published in: The Veterinary quarterly Vol. 44; no. 1; pp. 1 - 13
• Main Authors: Ke, Chiao-Hsu, Lai, Pan-Yun, Hsu, Feng-Yang, Hsueh, Po-Ren, Chiou, Ming-Tang, Lin, Chao-Nan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 01.12.2024; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Actinobacillus Infections - microbiology; Actinobacillus Infections - veterinary; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae - drug effects; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae - genetics; Amides; Aminoglycosides; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; antibiotic resistance genes; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Antimicrobial resistance; Cephalexin; Cephalothin; Doxycycline; Drug resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics; Enrofloxacin; Florfenicol; Genes; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Insertion; Insertion sequences; Kanamycin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Multidrug resistance; multiple drug resistance; Next-generation sequencing; Oxytetracycline; porcine bacterial pathogen; Public health; Retrospective Studies; Sequence analysis; Streptomycin; Sulfamethoxazole; Swine; Swine Diseases - epidemiology; Swine Diseases - microbiology; Taiwan - epidemiology; Threat evaluation; Tilmicosin; Veterinary medicine; whole-genome sequencing; β-Lactam antibiotics; Taiwan; multiple drug resistance; antimicrobial resistance; next-generation sequencing; whole-genome sequencing; antibiotic resistance genes; veterinary medicine; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; porcine bacterial pathogen
• ISSN: 0165-2176; 1875-5941; 1875-5941
• DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2335947

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection causes a high mortality rate in porcine animals. Antimicrobial resistance poses global threats to public health. The current study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities and probe the resistome of A. pleuropneumoniae in Taiwan. Herein, 133 isolates were retrospectively collected; upon initial screening, 38 samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS). Over the period 2017-2022, the lowest frequencies of resistant isolates were found for ceftiofur, cephalexin, cephalothin, and enrofloxacin, while the highest frequencies of resistant isolates were found for oxytetracycline, streptomycin, doxycycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin, kanamycin, and florfenicol. Furthermore, most isolates (71.4%) showed multiple drug resistance. NGS-based resistome analysis revealed aminoglycoside- and tetracycline-related genes at the highest prevalence, followed by genes related to beta-lactam, sulfamethoxazole, florphenicol, and macrolide. A plasmid replicon (repUS47) and insertion sequences (IS10R and ISVAp11) were identified in resistant isolates. Notably, the multiple resistance roles of the insertion sequence IS10R were widely proposed in human medicine; however, this is the first time IS10R has been reported in veterinary medicine. Concordance analysis revealed a high consistency of phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility to florphenicol, tilmicosin, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline. The current study reports the antimicrobial characterization of A. pleuropneumoniae for the first time in Taiwan using NGS.