The Joining of Copper to Stainless Steel by Solid-State Welding Processes: A Review

Joining immiscible materials such as copper and stainless steel together is a significant concern due to distinct mechanical and metallurgical properties across the joint line, such as melting points, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity. The joint properties of copp...

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Published inMaterials Vol. 15; no. 20; p. 7234
Main Authors Joshi, Gaurang R, Badheka, Vishvesh J, Darji, Raghavendra S, Oza, Ankit D, Pathak, Vivek J, Burduhos-Nergis, Dumitru Doru, Burduhos-Nergis, Diana Petronela, Narwade, Gautam, Thirunavukarasu, Gopinath
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 17.10.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Alloys
Copper
Corrosion resistance
dissimilar
Dissimilar metals
Equipment and supplies
explosive
Heat conductivity
Heat exchangers
Heating
High vacuum
Joining
Linear accelerators
Mechanical components
Melting points
Metallurgy
Nickel
Physical properties
Pressure welding
R&D
Research & development
Review
Solidification
Solids
Stainless steel
Stainless steels
Thermal conductivity
Thermal expansion
Viscosity
Welded joints
welding
India
explosive
diffusion
welding
stainless steel
review
copper
intermixing
processing
solubility
dissimilar
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Summary:Joining immiscible materials such as copper and stainless steel together is a significant concern due to distinct mechanical and metallurgical properties across the joint line, such as melting points, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity. The joint properties of copper to stainless steel welds are in great demand for various mechanical components of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor, ultra-high vacuum system, plan wave linear-accelerator or linac structure, and heat exchanger. These dissimilar-metals joints offer excellent flexibility in design and production, leading to a robust structure for many cutting-edge applications. Hence, the present article reviews the copper to stainless steel joining mechanism under different solid-state processing conditions. The present understanding says that defect-free strong joints between the dissimilar metals are systematically possible. Apart from this understanding, the authors have identified and highlighted the gaps in the research exploration to date. Moreover, a sustainable methodology to achieve a desirable weld of copper to stainless steel depends on favorable processing conditions.
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ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma15207234