Reappraisal of the anatomical landmarks of motor and premotor cortical regions for image-guided brain navigation in TMS practice

• Published in: Human brain mapping Vol. 35; no. 5; pp. 2435 - 2447
• Main Authors: Ahdab, Rechdi, Ayache, Samar S., Farhat, Wassim H., Mylius, Veit, Schmidt, Sein, Brugières, Pierre, Lefaucheur, Jean-Pascal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2014; Wiley-Liss; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Mapping; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Motor - physiology; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Imagery (Psychotherapy); Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; motor cortex; Motor Cortex - anatomy & histology; Motor Cortex - physiology; Nervous system; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes); Nervous system as a whole; Neurology; premotor cortex; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry; sulcal anatomy; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Young Adult; Nervous system diseases; sulcal anatomy; Navigation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Motor pathway; Radiodiagnosis; Motor cortex; Central nervous system; Premotor cortex; Anatomy; Encephalon; motor cortex; transcranial magnetic stimulation; premotor cortex

Image‐guided navigation systems dedicated to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have been recently developed and offer the possibility to visualize directly the anatomical structure to be stimulated. Performing navigated TMS requires a perfect knowledge of cortical anatomy, which is very variab...