Diagnosis of canine Echinococcus multilocularis infections by copro-DNA tests: comparison of DNA extraction techniques and evaluation of diagnostic deworming

• Published in: Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 116; no. 8; pp. 2139 - 2144
• Main Authors: Irie, Takao, Ito, Takuya, Kouguchi, Hirokazu, Yamano, Kimiaki, Uraguchi, Kohji, Yagi, Kinpei, Nonaka, Nariaki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.08.2017; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: analytical kits; Animals; Anthelmintic agents; anthelmintics; Anthelmintics - therapeutic use; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Care and treatment; clinical examination; Comparative analysis; Deoxyribonucleic acid; deworming; Diagnosis; DNA; DNA sequencing; DNA, Helminth - analysis; Dog diseases; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dog Diseases - parasitology; Dogs; drugs; Echinococcosis; Echinococcosis - diagnosis; Echinococcosis - parasitology; Echinococcosis - veterinary; Echinococcus multilocularis; Echinococcus multilocularis - isolation & purification; Eggs; Experimental infection; Feces; Feces - parasitology; Female; Genetic aspects; Genetic testing; Health aspects; Immunology; Infections; Male; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Original Paper; pet ownership; Polymerase chain reaction; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; prepatent period; protoscoleces; Sodium lauryl sulfate; sulfates; Tapeworms; infection; Copro-DNA test; Prepatent infection; Diagnostic deworming; Canine; Canine Echinococcus multilocularis infection
• ISSN: 0932-0113; 1432-1955; 1432-1955
• DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5514-y

The use of copro-DNA detection methods for the diagnosis of canine Echinococcus multilocularis infection was evaluated with a focus on DNA extraction techniques: two commercial kits and a modified alkaline-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) technique. Dog feces (0.2 g) mixed with a protoscolex or with 1 or 10 eggs of E. multilocularis were subjected to DNA detection following extraction by these methods. DNA was extracted from all protoscolex samples by all methods, but success for samples with eggs depended on extraction technique with the modified technique showing success on all samples. Following experimental infection of dogs, copro-DNA was successfully extracted from fecal samples (0.2 g) of dogs in the patent period by all methods. In the prepatent period, PCR testing of feces subsamples (0.2 g) extracted by each technique was positive at a rate of 79.6–94.4%. Extraction by the modified technique with fecal samples of over 1 g showed detection of copro-DNA in all samples in both the patent and prepatent periods, and it produced reproducible detection in the addition recovery test using feces from 72 different domestic dogs. As copro-DNA was detected for at least 1 day following deworming with administration of anthelmintic drugs in experimentally infected dogs, diagnostic deworming might be useful for clinical examination. Using the present detection method can provide quick and accurate diagnosis of canine E. multilocularis infection, which with prompt management and treatment of infected dogs can prevent pet owners from becoming infected and prevent echinococcosis from spreading into non-endemic areas.