Comparative study between in vivo- and in vitro-derived extracts of cactus (Opuntis ficus-indica L. Mill) against prostate and mammary cancer cell lines

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 7; no. 9; p. e08016
• Main Authors: Heikal, Alaa, Abd El-Sadek, Marwa E., Salama, Abeer, Taha, Hussein S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anticancer activity; Cladode extract; kaempferol; Mcf7; Micropropagtion; Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill; PC3; PC3; Mcf7; kaempferol; Micropropagtion; Anticancer activity; Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill; Cladode extract
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08016

Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill cladodes are considered to be a source of an abundance of bioactive compounds. To identify a natural product that can be used in the chemoprevention and treatment of cancer, this study was conducted to produce an anticancer agent extracted from in vitro-derived cladodes of prickly pear cactus. Toward this goal, assays of seed germination and micropropagation revealed that the highest seed germination rate was 66% and that the highest shoot number per explant was obtained with benzyl adenine (BA) (2 mg/l) and kinetin (Kin) (1 mg/l) within 2 months, at 22.6. In addition, the maximum length of shoots was obtained with BA (3 mg/l) and Kin (0.5 mg/l), at 7.44 cm. The in vitro-derived cladode extract showed higher total phenolic and kaempferol contents than the in vivo-derived cladode extract (total phenolics 156.5 mg/g and 86 mg/g DW; kaempferol 2.807 mg/g and 1.304 mg/g DW, respectively). These remarkable results reflected the anticancer activity on the viability and proliferation/migration of PC3 prostate and mammary Mcf7-7 cells. In terms of cytotoxicity, the IC50 values on PC3 and Mcf7 cells were 5775.7 and 6311.3 μg/ml, respectively, showing dose-dependent increases. Meanwhile, from in vivo analyses of the plants, the IC50 values were 5927.93 and 6825.6 μg/ml, respectively, again showing dose-dependent increases. Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill; Cladode extract; Micropropagtion, Anticancer activity; kaempferol; PC3; Mcf7.