Early peri-implant bone loss: a prospective cohort study

• Published in: International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery Vol. 44; no. 9; pp. 1138 - 1145
• Main Authors: Cassetta, M, Pranno, N, Calasso, S, Di Mambro, A, Giansanti, M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2015
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Alveolar Bone Loss - diagnostic imaging; Bone Remodeling; delayed implant placement; Dental Implantation, Endosseous - methods; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dentistry; early implant placement; early peri-implant bone loss; Female; Humans; implant placement depth; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications - diagnostic imaging; prospective cohort study; Prospective Studies; radiographic study; Radiography; Risk Factors; Surgery; prospective cohort study; early peri-implant bone loss; early implant placement; implant placement depth; delayed implant placement; radiographic study; dental implants
• ISSN: 0901-5027; 1399-0020
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.04.002

Abstract The aim of this study was to measure the early peri-implant bone level changes before the completion of an implant–abutment connection and to evaluate the influence of demographic, biologically relevant, anatomical, and implant-specific variables on these changes. A prospective cohort study design was used. STROBE guidelines were followed. The sample comprised 493 implants placed using a two-stage surgical procedure. Random allocation was used to determine the implant placement depth. Peri-apical radiographs taken at implant insertion and at the second surgery 2 months later were matched. Kappa statistics were used to compute intra- and inter-examiner reliability. The statistical analysis was performed at the implant level. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Bonferroni adjusted post hoc test was used to evaluate the influence of variables. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's range test and unpaired Student t -tests were used to analyze significant variables. Early marginal bone remodelling was −0.86 mm. The timing of implant placement ( P = 0.00) and the depth of implant placement ( P ≤ 0.05) significantly influenced early bone remodelling. Relevant radiographic early bone loss was found, but implants initially positioned below the alveolar crest and inserted ≥3 months after tooth extraction showed statistically significant higher marginal bone loss during the healing phase.