Biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion...

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Published inCancer science Vol. 111; no. 9; pp. 3100 - 3110
Main Authors Xunian, Zhou, Kalluri, Raghu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Tokyo John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.09.2020
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Cell differentiation
Cell signaling
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Exosomes
Heat shock proteins
Hypoxia
immunomodulation
Inflammation
Kinases
Ligands
Lipids
Membranes
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mitochondrial DNA
MSC‐derived exosomes
Paracrine signalling
Plasma
Review
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Senescence
Stem cells
Stromal cells
Transfer RNA
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Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion of soluble factors, in particular exosomes. MSC‐derived exosomes are involved in intercellular communication through transfer of proteins, RNA, DNA and bioactive lipids, which might constitute a novel intercellular communication mode. This review illustrates the current knowledge on the composition and biological functions as well as the therapeutic potential of MSC‐derived exosomes in cancer, with a focus on clinical translation opportunities. The biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes.
AbstractList Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC-based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion of soluble factors, in particular exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes are involved in intercellular communication through transfer of proteins, RNA, DNA and bioactive lipids, which might constitute a novel intercellular communication mode. This review illustrates the current knowledge on the composition and biological functions as well as the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived exosomes in cancer, with a focus on clinical translation opportunities.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC-based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion of soluble factors, in particular exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes are involved in intercellular communication through transfer of proteins, RNA, DNA and bioactive lipids, which might constitute a novel intercellular communication mode. This review illustrates the current knowledge on the composition and biological functions as well as the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived exosomes in cancer, with a focus on clinical translation opportunities.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion of soluble factors, in particular exosomes. MSC‐derived exosomes are involved in intercellular communication through transfer of proteins, RNA, DNA and bioactive lipids, which might constitute a novel intercellular communication mode. This review illustrates the current knowledge on the composition and biological functions as well as the therapeutic potential of MSC‐derived exosomes in cancer, with a focus on clinical translation opportunities.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion of soluble factors, in particular exosomes. MSC‐derived exosomes are involved in intercellular communication through transfer of proteins, RNA, DNA and bioactive lipids, which might constitute a novel intercellular communication mode. This review illustrates the current knowledge on the composition and biological functions as well as the therapeutic potential of MSC‐derived exosomes in cancer, with a focus on clinical translation opportunities. The biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes.
Author Xunian, Zhou
Kalluri, Raghu
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Cancer Biology Metastasis Research Center University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
2 Department of Bioengineering Rice University Houston Texas USA
3 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Bioengineering Rice University Houston Texas USA
– name: 1 Department of Cancer Biology Metastasis Research Center University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
– name: 3 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Zhou
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3287-8913
  surname: Xunian
  fullname: Xunian, Zhou
  organization: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Raghu
  surname: Kalluri
  fullname: Kalluri, Raghu
  email: rkalluri@mdanderson.org
  organization: Baylor College of Medicine
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2020 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association
2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2020 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2020 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association
– notice: 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2020 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.
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Snippet Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a...
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC-based therapy has emerged as a...
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proquest
crossref
wiley
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Publisher
StartPage 3100
SubjectTerms Biosynthesis
Cancer
Cell differentiation
Cell signaling
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Exosomes
Heat shock proteins
Hypoxia
immunomodulation
Inflammation
Kinases
Ligands
Lipids
Membranes
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mitochondrial DNA
MSC‐derived exosomes
Paracrine signalling
Plasma
Review
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Senescence
Stem cells
Stromal cells
Transfer RNA
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Title Biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fcas.14563
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2439600074
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2421460163
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7469857
Volume 111
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