Five-year effectiveness of short messaging service (SMS) for pre-diabetes

• Published in: BMC research notes Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 709
• Main Authors: Wong, Carlos K H, Siu, Shing-Chung, Wong, Ka-Wai, Yu, Esther Y T, Lam, Cindy L K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 10.10.2018; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Aged; Analysis; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood Pressure - physiology; Body Mass Index; Cellular telephones; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Clinical trials; Cost analysis; Development and progression; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diagnosis; Economic evaluation; Fasting; Female; Gastrointestinal surgery; Glucose; Humans; IGT; Intervention; Lifestyles; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Outcome and process assessment (Medical care); Performance evaluation; Pre-diabetes; Prediabetic State - blood; Prediabetic State - physiopathology; Prediabetic State - prevention & control; Reminder Systems; Research Note; Retrospective Studies; Risk Reduction Behavior; Short messaging services; SMS (Short messaging service); Systematic review; Telemedicine; Text Messaging; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides - blood; Yang, Cindy; Short messaging services; Economic evaluation; IGT; Pre-diabetes
• ISSN: 1756-0500; 1756-0500
• DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3810-y

An observational post-randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was adopted to evaluate the long-term sustainability and maintenance of improved glycemic control, lipid profile, reduced progression to diabetes at 3-year following a 2-year short messaging service (SMS). We performed a naturalistic follow-up to the 104 participants of SMS intervention, a 2-year randomized controlled trial comparing the SMS to non-SMS for pre-diabetes. All participants were arranged screening for diabetes at 5-year assessment. Primary outcome of this post-RCT study was cumulative incidence of diabetes whereas secondary outcomes were the change in biometric data over a 5-year period. After a mean 57-month follow-up, 19 (18.3%) were lost to follow-up after the RCT period. Progression to diabetes occurred in 20 and 16 patients among the intervention and control group respectively, with no significant between-group difference (8.06 and 7.31 cases per 100 person years, respectively; Hazard Ratio in the intervention group, 1.184; 95% confidence interval, 0.612 to 2.288; p-value = 0.616). No significant effect of SMS on reduction in diabetes was observed in overall and pre-defined subgroups. The SMS intervention preserved the clinical benefits within the trial period but failed to transform from treatment efficacy to long-term effectiveness beyond 2 years after intervention. Trail registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01556880, retrospectively registered on March 16, 2012.