Global patterns and climatic controls of belowground net carbon fixation
Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance, because soil organic carbon is the third-largest carbon stock after oceanic and geological pools. However, drivers and controls of belowground...
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| Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 117; no. 33; pp. 20038 - 20043 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
National Academy of Sciences
18.08.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance, because soil organic carbon is the third-largest carbon stock after oceanic and geological pools. However, drivers and controls of belowground productivity and the fraction of total carbon fixation allocated belowground remain uncertain. Here we estimate global belowground net primary productivity as the difference between satellite-based total net primary productivity and field observations of aboveground net primary production and assess climatic controls among biomes. On average, belowground carbon productivity is estimated as 24.7 Pg y−1, accounting for 46% of total terrestrial carbon fixation. Across biomes, belowground productivity increases with mean annual precipitation, although the rate of increase diminishes with increasing precipitation. The fraction of total net productivity allocated belowground exceeds 50% in a large fraction of terrestrial ecosystems and decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. This work adds to our understanding of the belowground carbon productivity response to climate change and provides a comprehensive global quantification of root/belowground productivity that will aid the budgeting and modeling of the global carbon cycle. |
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| AbstractList | Significance
The fraction of fixed carbon allocated belowground in terrestrial ecosystems is the most uncertain component of global carbon cycle assessments. Here we present a novel approach to determining global quantification of belowground productivity, which is estimated at 24.7 Pg y
−1
and accounts for 46% of terrestrial carbon fixation. Carbon allocated belowground has a longer residence than its aboveground counterpart, playing a key role in long-term carbon storage. Total belowground productivity increases with precipitation, but the rate of increase decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. The fraction of total fixed carbon entering the soil decreases with precipitation and varies significantly among biomes. These results are indicative of the possible impacts of climate and land use changes on the global carbon cycle.
Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance, because soil organic carbon is the third-largest carbon stock after oceanic and geological pools. However, drivers and controls of belowground productivity and the fraction of total carbon fixation allocated belowground remain uncertain. Here we estimate global belowground net primary productivity as the difference between satellite-based total net primary productivity and field observations of aboveground net primary production and assess climatic controls among biomes. On average, belowground carbon productivity is estimated as 24.7 Pg y
−1
, accounting for 46% of total terrestrial carbon fixation. Across biomes, belowground productivity increases with mean annual precipitation, although the rate of increase diminishes with increasing precipitation. The fraction of total net productivity allocated belowground exceeds 50% in a large fraction of terrestrial ecosystems and decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. This work adds to our understanding of the belowground carbon productivity response to climate change and provides a comprehensive global quantification of root/belowground productivity that will aid the budgeting and modeling of the global carbon cycle. Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance, because soil organic carbon is the third-largest carbon stock after oceanic and geological pools. However, drivers and controls of belowground productivity and the fraction of total carbon fixation allocated belowground remain uncertain. Here we estimate global belowground net primary productivity as the difference between satellite-based total net primary productivity and field observations of aboveground net primary production and assess climatic controls among biomes. On average, belowground carbon productivity is estimated as 24.7 Pg y−1, accounting for 46% of total terrestrial carbon fixation. Across biomes, belowground productivity increases with mean annual precipitation, although the rate of increase diminishes with increasing precipitation. The fraction of total net productivity allocated belowground exceeds 50% in a large fraction of terrestrial ecosystems and decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. This work adds to our understanding of the belowground carbon productivity response to climate change and provides a comprehensive global quantification of root/belowground productivity that will aid the budgeting and modeling of the global carbon cycle. The fraction of fixed carbon allocated belowground in terrestrial ecosystems is the most uncertain component of global carbon cycle assessments. Here we present a novel approach to determining global quantification of belowground productivity, which is estimated at 24.7 Pg y −1 and accounts for 46% of terrestrial carbon fixation. Carbon allocated belowground has a longer residence than its aboveground counterpart, playing a key role in long-term carbon storage. Total belowground productivity increases with precipitation, but the rate of increase decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. The fraction of total fixed carbon entering the soil decreases with precipitation and varies significantly among biomes. These results are indicative of the possible impacts of climate and land use changes on the global carbon cycle. Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance, because soil organic carbon is the third-largest carbon stock after oceanic and geological pools. However, drivers and controls of belowground productivity and the fraction of total carbon fixation allocated belowground remain uncertain. Here we estimate global belowground net primary productivity as the difference between satellite-based total net primary productivity and field observations of aboveground net primary production and assess climatic controls among biomes. On average, belowground carbon productivity is estimated as 24.7 Pg y −1 , accounting for 46% of total terrestrial carbon fixation. Across biomes, belowground productivity increases with mean annual precipitation, although the rate of increase diminishes with increasing precipitation. The fraction of total net productivity allocated belowground exceeds 50% in a large fraction of terrestrial ecosystems and decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. This work adds to our understanding of the belowground carbon productivity response to climate change and provides a comprehensive global quantification of root/belowground productivity that will aid the budgeting and modeling of the global carbon cycle. Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance, because soil organic carbon is the third-largest carbon stock after oceanic and geological pools. However, drivers and controls of belowground productivity and the fraction of total carbon fixation allocated belowground remain uncertain. Here we estimate global belowground net primary productivity as the difference between satellite-based total net primary productivity and field observations of aboveground net primary production and assess climatic controls among biomes. On average, belowground carbon productivity is estimated as 24.7 Pg y , accounting for 46% of total terrestrial carbon fixation. Across biomes, belowground productivity increases with mean annual precipitation, although the rate of increase diminishes with increasing precipitation. The fraction of total net productivity allocated belowground exceeds 50% in a large fraction of terrestrial ecosystems and decreases from arid to humid ecosystems. This work adds to our understanding of the belowground carbon productivity response to climate change and provides a comprehensive global quantification of root/belowground productivity that will aid the budgeting and modeling of the global carbon cycle. |
| Author | Sala, Osvaldo E. Gherardi, Laureano A. |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32747527$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | allocation global C cycle BNPP primary production root production |
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| Notes | Author contributions: L.A.G. and O.E.S. conceived the idea for the project; L.A.G. collected, compiled, and analyzed the data; and L.A.G. and O.E.S. wrote the paper. Edited by William H. Schlesinger, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, and approved July 1, 2020 (received for review April 8, 2020) |
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| Snippet | Carbon allocated underground through belowground net primary production represents the main input to soil organic carbon. This is of significant importance,... Significance The fraction of fixed carbon allocated belowground in terrestrial ecosystems is the most uncertain component of global carbon cycle assessments.... The fraction of fixed carbon allocated belowground in terrestrial ecosystems is the most uncertain component of global carbon cycle assessments. Here we... |
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| StartPage | 20038 |
| SubjectTerms | Annual precipitation Aridity Biological Sciences Carbon Carbon cycle Carbon fixation Climate change Environmental assessment Environmental changes Net Primary Productivity Organic carbon Organic soils Precipitation Primary production Productivity Soils Terrestrial ecosystems Terrestrial environments |
| Title | Global patterns and climatic controls of belowground net carbon fixation |
| URI | https://www.jstor.org/stable/26968600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32747527 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2436433538 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7443884 |
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