Widespread changes in transcriptome profile of human mesenchymal stem cells induced by two-dimensional nanosilicates
Two-dimensional nanomaterials, an ultrathin class of materials such as graphene, nanoclays, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and transition metal oxides (TMOs), have emerged as a new generation of materials due to their unique properties relative to macroscale counterparts. However, little i...
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Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 115; no. 17; pp. E3905 - E3913 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
National Academy of Sciences
24.04.2018
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Series | PNAS Plus |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Two-dimensional nanomaterials, an ultrathin class of materials such as graphene, nanoclays, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and transition metal oxides (TMOs), have emerged as a new generation of materials due to their unique properties relative to macroscale counterparts. However, little is known about the transcriptome dynamics following exposure to these nanomaterials. Here, we investigate the interactions of 2D nanosilicates, a layered clay, with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at the wholetranscriptome level by high-throughput sequencing (RNA-seq). Analysis of cell–nanosilicate interactions by monitoring changes in transcriptome profile uncovered key biophysical and biochemical cellular pathways triggered by nanosilicates. A widespread alteration of genes was observed due to nanosilicate exposure as more than 4,000 genes were differentially expressed. The change in mRNA expression levels revealed clathrin-mediated endocytosis of nanosilicates. Nanosilicate attachment to the cell membrane and subsequent cellular internalization activated stress-responsive pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which subsequently directed hMSC differentiation toward osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. This study provides transcriptomic insight on the role of surface-mediated cellular signaling triggered by nanomaterials and enables development of nanomaterials-based therapeutics for regenerative medicine. This approach in understanding nanomaterial–cell interactions illustrates how change in transcriptomic profile can predict downstream effects following nanomaterial treatment. |
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Bibliography: | Edited by Catherine J. Murphy, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, and approved February 27, 2018 (received for review September 20, 2017) 1J.K.C. and L.M.C. contributed equally to this work. Author contributions: J.K.C., L.M.C., I.S., and A.K.G. designed research; J.K.C., L.M.C., R.W.R., M.K.J., and I.S. performed research; J.K.C., L.M.C., R.W.R., C.A.G., R.K., I.S., and A.K.G. analyzed data; and J.K.C., L.M.C., I.S., and A.K.G. wrote the paper. |
ISSN: | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1716164115 |