Cotton heterosis and hybrid cultivar development

Cotton, the most important economic crop in the world, displays strong hybrid vigor, and has long been a subject for hybrid cultivar breeding. Here, advances in the theoretical and applied research in cotton heterosis along with its hybrid cultivar development by hand-emasculation and pollination (H...

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Published inTheoretical and applied genetics Vol. 136; no. 4; p. 89
Main Authors Zhang, Tianzhen, Xuan, Lisha, Mao, Yun, Hu, Yan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.04.2023
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Agricultural research
Agriculture
applied research
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
China
Cotton
Cultivars
Cytoplasm - genetics
Cytoplasmic male sterility
Genetic aspects
Gossypium - genetics
Heterosis
Hybrid Vigor
Hybridization, Vegetable
Hybrids
Life Sciences
males
Mitochondria
Plant Biochemistry
Plant Breeding
Plant Breeding/Biotechnology
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Plant reproduction
Pollination
Production processes
Review
Seeds
Seeds - genetics
China
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Summary:Cotton, the most important economic crop in the world, displays strong hybrid vigor, and has long been a subject for hybrid cultivar breeding. Here, advances in the theoretical and applied research in cotton heterosis along with its hybrid cultivar development by hand-emasculation and pollination (HEP), cytoplasmic (CMS) and genic male sterile lines (GMS) mainly in China during the past few decades are presented in this review. Three types of hybrids produced by HEP, CMS and GMS facilitating hybrid seed production with hand-pollination have been developed and are being planted simultaneously in cotton production. However, most hybrids commercially planted in production are produced by HEP, therefore, F 2 seeds are being extensively planted due to the high cost to produce F 1 seed. F 2 generations of these combinations exceed the check cultivars in yield usually up to 5~15%. GMS genes ( ms 2 and ms 5 ms 6 ) used in hybrid seed production and casual mitochondrial genes for G. harknessii CMS have been cloned. Challenges and opportunities in cotton heterosis and future hybrid cultivar development in cotton are discussed.
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ISSN:0040-5752
1432-2242
1432-2242
DOI:10.1007/s00122-023-04334-w