Excavating Neandertal and Denisovan DNA from the genomes of Melanesian individuals
Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin anc...
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Published in | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 352; no. 6282; pp. 235 - 239 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
American Association for the Advancement of Science
08.04.2016
The American Association for the Advancement of Science |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin ancestors and applied it to whole-genome sequences from 1523 geographically diverse individuals, including 35 previously unknown Island Melanesian genomes. In aggregate, we recovered 1.34 gigabases and 303 megabases of the Neandertal and Denisovan genome, respectively. We use these maps of archaic sequences to show that Neandertal admixture occurred multiple times in different non-African populations, characterize genomic regions that are significantly depleted of archaic sequences, and identify signatures of adaptive introgression. |
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AbstractList | Modern humans carry remnants of DNA from interbreeding events with archaic lineages, such as Neandertals. However, people from Oceania also retain genes from a second ancient lineage, the Denisovans. Vernot
et al.
surveyed archaic genomic sequences in a worldwide sample of modern humans, including 35 individuals from the Melanesian Islands. All non-African genomes surveyed contained Neandertal DNA, but a significant Denisovan component was found only in the Melanesians. Reconstruction of this genetic history suggests that Neandertals bred with modern humans multiple times, but Denosivans only once, in ancestors of modern-day Melanesians.
Science
, this issue p.
235
Neandertal and Denisovan DNA live on in modern day Melanesians.
Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin ancestors and applied it to whole-genome sequences from 1523 geographically diverse individuals, including 35 previously unknown Island Melanesian genomes. In aggregate, we recovered 1.34 gigabases and 303 megabases of the Neandertal and Denisovan genome, respectively. We use these maps of archaic sequences to show that Neandertal admixture occurred multiple times in different non-African populations, characterize genomic regions that are significantly depleted of archaic sequences, and identify signatures of adaptive introgression. Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin ancestors and applied it to whole-genome sequences from 1523 geographically diverse individuals, including 35 previously unknown Island Melanesian genomes. In aggregate, we recovered 1.34 gigabases and 303 megabases of the Neandertal and Denisovan genome, respectively. We use these maps of archaic sequences to show that Neandertal admixture occurred multiple times in different non-African populations, characterize genomic regions that are significantly depleted of archaic sequences, and identify signatures of adaptive introgression. Modern humans carry remnants of DNA from interbreeding events with archaic lineages, such as Neandertals. However, people from Oceania also retain genes from a second ancient lineage, the Denisovans. Vernot et al. surveyed archaic genomic sequences in a worldwide sample of modern humans, including 35 individuals from the Melanesian Islands. All non-African genomes surveyed contained Neandertal DNA, but a significant Denisovan component was found only in the Melanesians. Reconstruction of this genetic history suggests that Neandertals bred with modern humans multiple times, but Denosivans only once, in ancestors of modern-day Melanesians. Science, this issue p. 235 Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin ancestors and applied it to whole-genome sequences from 1523 geographically diverse individuals, including 35 previously unknown Island Melanesian genomes. In aggregate, we recovered 1.34 gigabases and 303 megabases of the Neandertal and Denisovan genome, respectively. We use these maps of archaic sequences to show that Neandertal admixture occurred multiple times in different non-African populations, characterize genomic regions that are significantly depleted of archaic sequences, and identify signatures of adaptive introgression. Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin ancestors and applied it to whole-genome sequences from 1523 geographically diverse individuals, including 35 previously unknown Island Melanesian genomes. In aggregate, we recovered 1.34 gigabases and 303 megabases of the Neandertal and Denisovan genome, respectively. We use these maps of archaic sequences to show that Neandertal admixture occurred multiple times in different non-African populations, characterize genomic regions that are significantly depleted of archaic sequences, and identify signatures of adaptive introgression.Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors hybridized with both Neandertals and Denisovans are lacking. We developed an approach to identify DNA inherited from multiple archaic hominin ancestors and applied it to whole-genome sequences from 1523 geographically diverse individuals, including 35 previously unknown Island Melanesian genomes. In aggregate, we recovered 1.34 gigabases and 303 megabases of the Neandertal and Denisovan genome, respectively. We use these maps of archaic sequences to show that Neandertal admixture occurred multiple times in different non-African populations, characterize genomic regions that are significantly depleted of archaic sequences, and identify signatures of adaptive introgression. |
Author | Merriwether, David A. Vernot, Benjamin Schraiber, Joshua G. Koki, George Kelso, Janet Norton, Heather Wolf, Aaron B. Tucci, Serena Dannemann, Michael Akey, Joshua M. Wakefield, Jon McCoy, Rajiv C. Pääbo, Svante Gittelman, Rachel M. Friedlaender, Jonathan S. Grote, Steffi Scheinfeldt, Laura B. |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 6 Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA 9 Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 2 Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy 5 Department of Biology and Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 4 Department of Anthropology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA 7 Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea 3 Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany 8 Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia PA, USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA – name: 4 Department of Anthropology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA – name: 7 Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea – name: 2 Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy – name: 5 Department of Biology and Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA – name: 6 Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA – name: 8 Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia PA, USA – name: 9 Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA – name: 3 Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Benjamin surname: Vernot fullname: Vernot, Benjamin – sequence: 2 givenname: Serena surname: Tucci fullname: Tucci, Serena – sequence: 3 givenname: Janet surname: Kelso fullname: Kelso, Janet – sequence: 4 givenname: Joshua G. surname: Schraiber fullname: Schraiber, Joshua G. – sequence: 5 givenname: Aaron B. surname: Wolf fullname: Wolf, Aaron B. – sequence: 6 givenname: Rachel M. surname: Gittelman fullname: Gittelman, Rachel M. – sequence: 7 givenname: Michael surname: Dannemann fullname: Dannemann, Michael – sequence: 8 givenname: Steffi surname: Grote fullname: Grote, Steffi – sequence: 9 givenname: Rajiv C. surname: McCoy fullname: McCoy, Rajiv C. – sequence: 10 givenname: Heather surname: Norton fullname: Norton, Heather – sequence: 11 givenname: Laura B. surname: Scheinfeldt fullname: Scheinfeldt, Laura B. – sequence: 12 givenname: David A. surname: Merriwether fullname: Merriwether, David A. – sequence: 13 givenname: George surname: Koki fullname: Koki, George – sequence: 14 givenname: Jonathan S. surname: Friedlaender fullname: Friedlaender, Jonathan S. – sequence: 15 givenname: Jon surname: Wakefield fullname: Wakefield, Jon – sequence: 16 givenname: Svante surname: Pääbo fullname: Pääbo, Svante – sequence: 17 givenname: Joshua M. surname: Akey fullname: Akey, Joshua M. |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989198$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Copyright | Copyright © 2016 American Association for the Advancement of Science Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science. Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science |
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Snippet | Although Neandertal sequences that persist in the genomes of modern humans have been identified in Eurasians, comparable studies in people whose ancestors... Modern humans carry remnants of DNA from interbreeding events with archaic lineages, such as Neandertals. However, people from Oceania also retain genes from a... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA - genetics Genetic Variation Genome, Human - genetics Genomes Hominids Humans Melanesia Neanderthals - genetics Pacific Island People - genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA |
Title | Excavating Neandertal and Denisovan DNA from the genomes of Melanesian individuals |
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