Factors associated with carotid intima-media thickness in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

• Published in: International journal of general medicine Vol. 12; pp. 1 - 6
• Main Authors: Kuswardhani, Ra Tuty, Wiradharma, Ketut Gede, Kandarini, Yenny, Widiana, Gde Raka, Martadiani, Elysanti Dwi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2019; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: age; Albumin; C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; CIMT; Comparative analysis; Health risk assessment; Hemodialysis; Peritoneal dialysis; Phosphates; Review; Risk factors; Ultrasound imaging; Indonesia; hemodialysis; carotid intima-media thickness; age
• ISSN: 1178-7074; 1178-7074
• DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S178276

The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) with various parameters in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (mHD). A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 68 subjects (41 men, 27 women) on mHD in the Hemodialysis Unit, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia. CIMT was measured with B-mode ultrasonography using a USG Sonoace 8000 and a 7.5 MHz linear transducer. CIMT was higher in subjects with cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with those without CVD (0.6494 vs 0.7288 mm; =0.026), and in men compared with women (0.7056 vs 0.6141 mm; =0.003). CIMT was correlated with age ( =0.607; <0.001), plasma albumin ( =-0.291, =0.016), serum phosphate ( =-0.294, =0.015), calcium-phosphate product ( =-0.284, =0.011), and plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( =0.279, =0.030). However, after multiple linear regression testing, only age consistently had a role in determining the CIMT value (β=0.452, <0.001). Subjects with CVD have higher CIMT than those without CVD and men had higher CIMT than women. In addition, older age, higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lower albumin, phosphate, and calcium-phosphate product levels were correlated with higher CIMT. Age was the most important marker for CIMT in subjects on mHD.