Femtosecond Inscription of a Fiber Bragg Grating Spectral Array in the Same Spatial Location

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 23; no. 8; p. 4064
• Main Authors: Halstuch, Aviran, Ishaaya, Amiel A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.04.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Arrays; Bragg gratings; Defocusing; Equipment and supplies; FBG fabrication; Fiber optics; Infrared lasers; Inscriptions; Lasers; physical sensors; special fiber gratings; FBG fabrication; physical sensors; special fiber gratings
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s23084064

A five fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array is inscribed at the same spot with a single uniform phase-mask (PM). The inscription setup consists of a near-infrared femtosecond laser, a PM, a defocusing spherical lens and a cylindrical focusing lens. The tunability of the center Bragg wavelength is achieved by a defocusing lens, and by translating the PM, which results in a different magnification of the PM. A first FBG is inscribed, followed by four cascading FBGs, which are inscribed exactly at the same spot only after the translation of the PM. The transmission and reflection spectra of this array are measured, showing a second-order Bragg wavelength at ~1.56 µm with a transmission dip of ~-8 dB. The spectral wavelength shift between each consecutive FBG is ~2.9 nm, and the total wavelength shift is ~11.7 nm. The reflection spectrum of the third-order Bragg wavelength is measured at ~1.04 µm, showing a wavelength separation of ~1.97 nm between neighboring FBGs, and the total spectral span between the first FBG and the last one is ~8 nm. Finally, the wavelength sensitivity to strain and temperature is measured.