Pathological overproduction: the bad side of adenosine

Adenosine is an endogenous ubiquitous purine nucleoside, which is increased by hypoxia, ischaemia and tissue damage and mediates a number of physiopathological effects by interacting with four GPCRs, identified as A1, A2A, A2B and A3. Physiological and acutely increased adenosine is mostly associate...

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Published inBritish journal of pharmacology Vol. 174; no. 13; pp. 1945 - 1960
Main Authors Borea, Pier Andrea, Gessi, Stefania, Merighi, Stefania, Vincenzi, Fabrizio, Varani, Katia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2017
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects
Adenosine
Adenosine - analysis
Adenosine - biosynthesis
Animals
Fibrosis
Humans
Hypoxia
Ischemia
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology
Nucleosides
Physiological effects
Review
Vasodilation
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Summary:Adenosine is an endogenous ubiquitous purine nucleoside, which is increased by hypoxia, ischaemia and tissue damage and mediates a number of physiopathological effects by interacting with four GPCRs, identified as A1, A2A, A2B and A3. Physiological and acutely increased adenosine is mostly associated with beneficial effects that include vasodilatation and a decrease in inflammation. In contrast, chronic overproduction of adenosine occurs in important pathological states, where long‐lasting increases in the nucleoside levels are responsible for the bad side of adenosine associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis and organ damage. In this review, we describe and critically discuss the pathological overproduction of adenosine and analyse when, where and how adenosine exerts its detrimental effects throughout the body.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:0007-1188
1476-5381
1476-5381
DOI:10.1111/bph.13763