Exploring folds, evolution and host interactions understanding effector structure/function in disease and immunity

Over the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in plant pathology, broadening our understanding of how pathogens colonize their hosts. To manipulate host cell physiology and subvert plant immune responses, pathogens secrete an array of effector proteins. A coevolutionary arms-race drives th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe New phytologist Vol. 227; no. 2; pp. 326 - 333
Main Authors Mukhi, Nitika, Gorenkin, Danylo, Banfield, Mark J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Wiley 01.07.2020
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects
Bacteria
cell physiology
Effectors
evolution
Host plants
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Hosts
Immune response
Immunity
integrated domain
intracellular effectors
MAX effector
NLRs
Pathogens
Pathology
Plant Diseases
Plant Immunity
Plant pathology
Plants
RALPHs
Receptors
Secretion
Structure-function relationships
Tansley insight
Type III secreted effectors
WY fold
intracellular effectors
integrated domain
Type III secreted effectors
MAX effector
NLRs
RALPHs
WY fold
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Summary:Over the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in plant pathology, broadening our understanding of how pathogens colonize their hosts. To manipulate host cell physiology and subvert plant immune responses, pathogens secrete an array of effector proteins. A coevolutionary arms-race drives the pathogen to constantly reinvent its effector repertoire to undermine plant immunity. In turn, hosts develop novel immune receptors to maintain effector recognition and mount defences. Understanding how effectors promote disease and how they are perceived by the plant’s defence network persist as major subjects in the study of plant–pathogen interactions. Here, we focus on recent advances (over roughly the last two years) in understanding structure/function relationships in effectors from bacteria and filamentous plant pathogens. Structure/function studies of bacterial effectors frequently uncover diverse catalytic activities, while structure-informed similarity searches have enabled cataloguing of filamentous pathogen effectors. We also suggest how such advances have informed the study of plant–pathogen interactions.
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ISSN:0028-646X
1469-8137
1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/nph.16563