Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health

• Published in: MicrobiologyOpen (Weinheim) Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. e1260 - n/a
• Main Authors: Patangia, Dhrati V., Anthony Ryan, Cornelius, Dempsey, Eugene, Paul Ross, Reynolds, Stanton, Catherine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.02.2022; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Adult; Adults; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Babies; Bacteria; Breastfeeding & lactation; Child; Drug resistance; Female; gut bacteria; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Infectious diseases; Intestinal microflora; microbiome; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microbiota - drug effects; Microorganisms; Mothers; Pathogens; Pregnancy; Review; Reviews; Vagina; antibiotic resistance; gut bacteria; microbiome
• ISSN: 2045-8827; 2045-8827
• DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1260

It is well established that the gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and is perturbed by several factors including antibiotics. Antibiotic‐induced changes in microbial composition can have a negative impact on host health including reduced microbial diversity, changes in functional attributes of the microbiota, formation, and selection of antibiotic‐resistant strains making hosts more susceptible to infection with pathogens such as Clostridioides difficile. Antibiotic resistance is a global crisis and the increased use of antibiotics over time warrants investigation into its effects on microbiota and health. In this review, we discuss the adverse effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota and thus host health, and suggest alternative approaches to antibiotic use. Antibiotics can have several negative impacts on host health; both direct and indirect effects. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health regulation. Effects of antibiotics on the host through the gut microbiome are immense and can affect various functions including immune regulation, metabolic activities, and thus overall health.