The role of pregnane X receptor (PXR) in substance metabolism

As a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, pregnane X receptor (PXR; NR1I2) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endobiotics in mammals. The tissue distribution of PXR is parallel to its function with high expression in...

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Published inFrontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne) Vol. 13; p. 959902
Main Authors Lv, Ye, Luo, Yi-Yang, Ren, Hui-Wen, Li, Cheng-Jie, Xiang, Zhi-Xin, Luan, Zhi-Lin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 16.08.2022
Subjects
bile acid
Endocrinology
glycometabolism
lipid metabolism
metabolism
nuclear receptor
pregnane X receptor (PXR)
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Summary:As a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, pregnane X receptor (PXR; NR1I2) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endobiotics in mammals. The tissue distribution of PXR is parallel to its function with high expression in the liver and small intestine and moderate expression in the kidney, stomach, skin, and blood-brain barrier, which are organs and tissues in frequent contact with xenobiotics. PXR was first recognized as an exogenous substance receptor regulating metabolizing enzymes and transporters and functioning in detoxification and drug metabolism in the liver. However, further research revealed that PXR acts as an equally important endogenous substance receptor in the metabolism and homeostasis of endogenous substances. In this review, we summarized the functions of PXR in metabolism of different substances such as glucose, lipid, bile acid, vitamin, minerals, and endocrines, and also included insights of the application of PXR ligands (drugs) in specific diseases.
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Edited by: Pierre De Meyts, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
Reviewed by: Makoto Makishima, Nihon University, Japan; Radim Vrzal, Palacký University Olomouc, Czechia
This article was submitted to Molecular and Structural Endocrinology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology
ISSN:1664-2392
1664-2392
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2022.959902